我国山洪灾害群测群防模式探讨  

Mountain flood prevention with a system of residents' self-control of disasters in China

作　　者：何秉顺[1,2] 郭良[1,2] 许静[3] 左吉昌[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心,北京100038 [3]国家防汛抗旱总指挥部办公室,北京100053

出　　处：《中国水利》2017年第20期26-30,50,共6页China Water Resources

摘　　要：经过多年的群测群防体系建设和山洪灾害防御实战,我国在责任制体系、防御预案、村组(社区)监测与预警、宣传培训及演练等方面积累了大量案例和宝贵经验,逐步探索出一条具有中国特色的责任落实、监测预警、宣传教育、演练动员的平战结合系统组织模式和路径,形成了具有中国特色的山洪灾害群测群防模式。介绍了山洪灾害群测群防的工作内容,分析了群测群防在山洪灾害防御中的重要作用,在总结地方典型经验的基础上,归纳提炼了我国群测群防模式的主要特点,即:以人为本、以避为上、政府主导、专业赋能、结合地治、注入职责、双线预警、村自为战、普及宣教、全位提能。Through years of practice for mountain flood disaster prevention with a system of residents 爷 self-control of disasters, a lot of cases and valuable experiences have been accumulated in terms of accountability system, prevention planning, village （community） monitoring and warning, public education and training and exercises, which have helped to build an organizational model or solution with special characteristics of China. The main contents of residents 爷 self-control system of mountain flood disasters are introduced with an analysis on its key roles for flood prevention. Based on summary of typical cases, main features of this approach are summarized, including putting people first, giving priority to avoidance, government taking the lead, empowerment to professionals, local participation, accountability, two-line warning system, village-based flood defense and popularization of public education.

关 键 词：山洪灾害 模式 群测群防 宣传 责任制 

分 类 号：TV87[水利工程—水利水电工程] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]