硝普钠对藠头鳞茎贮藏期间碳氮代谢及关键酶活性的影响  

Effects of sodium nitroprussiate on the metabolites and key enzyme activities of carbon-nitrogen metabolism in rokkyo bulbs during storage

作　　者：张永福[1] 郭丽红[1] 任禛[1] 靳松[1] 姚丽媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明学院农学院,云南省高校特色生物资源开发与利用重点实验室,云南昆明650214

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2017年第5期699-704,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660559);昆明学院科学研究项目(XJZZ1604);云南省高校特色生物资源开发与利用重点实验室开放基金项目(GXKJ201615)

摘　　要：本研究以开远甜藠头为材料,测定了不同浓度硝普钠处理后藠头糖含量、碳代谢关键酶和氮代谢关键酶等各项指标。结果表明,贮藏期间,藠头鳞茎淀粉、总氮含量逐渐下降,可溶性糖、还原糖、蔗糖和蛋白质含量逐渐上升,游离氨基酸含量呈先上升后下降的趋势,硝普钠处理增大了变化幅度;淀粉酶、硝酸还原酶(NR)和谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性呈先上升后下降的趋势,蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)和蔗糖合成酶(SS)活性呈下降趋势,谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)活性呈上升趋势;硝普钠处理后使其活性增强,延缓了其下降幅度;此外,硝普钠处理还增加了贮藏期间藠头鳞茎的总碳含量,影响了碳氮比,有效抑制了贮藏期间芽的生长,缓解腐烂和鲜重的降低。可见,硝普钠处理可促进藠头鳞茎贮藏期间淀粉的转化和糖的积累,延缓氮的分解,促进蛋白质的积累,提高外观品质,其中以浓度为0.50 mmol·L-1处理效果最佳。In this study,Kaiyuan sweet rokkyo bulbs were used as material to determine the sugar content,enzyme activity in carbon and nitrogen metabolism and so on in different concentration of sodium nitroprusside. The results showed that during storage,the contents of starch and total nitrogen decreased,but the contents of soluble sugar,reducing sugar,sucrose and protein increased gradually;free amino acids content increased firstly and then decreased; sodium nitroprusside treatment increased the extent of increasing or decreasing. The activities of amylase,nitrate reductase( NR) and glutamine synthetase( GS) first increased and then decreased; sucrose phosphate synthase( SPS) and sucrose synthase( SS) activity decreased; glutamate synthase( GOGAT) activity increased; sodium nitroprusside treatment increased the activities of these enzymes,and delayed the decline. In addition,sodium nitroprusside treatment also increased the total carbon content,effected the ratio of carbon and nitrogen,effectively inhibited the growth of shoots during storage,and eased decay and fresh weight loss.Generally,sodium nitroprusside with 0. 50 mmol·L-1 is more effective to promote the conversion of starch and sugar accumulation,delay nitrogen decomposition,promote the accumulation of protein,and improve the appearance quality of rokkyo bulbs.

关 键 词：蕌头 硝普钠 贮藏 碳氮代谢 酶活性 

分 类 号：TS205[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]