‘苏薹1号’菜心田间光合特性的研究  

Photosynthetic Characteristics of Flowering Chinese Cabbage 'Sutai 1' in Field

作　　者：佘旭东[1] 蒋明敏 何玲莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州市农业科学院,江苏苏州215155

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第26期52-61,共10页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：苏州市科技支撑计划"苏南适用的菜心杂种一代新品种选育"(SNG201436)

摘　　要：通过研究菜心杂交一代新品种‘苏薹1号’在田间的光合特性,探索其高产的光合生理依据,并为生产上环境调控提供数据支撑,同时也为完善菜心光合特性和光合性状杂种优势的研究提供1个研究案例。以常规品种‘油绿501’为对照,其自交系是‘苏薹1号’的父本,分别在苗期、现蕾抽薹期、齐口采收期、开花期和结荚期测定2个品种的光合性状指标,并且在现蕾抽薹期测定光合性状指标的日变化。试验结果表明:(1)‘苏薹1号’在全生育期低光强下净光合速率与对照均无差异,中高光强下净光合速率明显高于对照,仅在结荚期出现光抑制现象,并迟于对照出现,而对照仅在齐口采收期没有出现光抑制现象,其他时期均出现光抑制现象。‘苏薹1号’和对照叶片光合能力均存在现蕾抽薹期>齐口采收期>开花期>苗期>结荚期的趋势,并且生育进程越往后‘苏薹1号’叶片光合能力强于对照越明显。(2)‘苏薹1号’全生育期的光合模拟参数:光补偿点14.31~40.57μmol/(m^2·s),平均值24.18μmol/(m^2·s),较对照低7.38%;光下呼吸速率0.39~1.03μmol/(m^2·s),平均值0.68μmol/(m^2·s),较对照低6.56%;表观量子效率0.0263~0.0323μmol CO_2/(μmol·photons),平均值0.0294μmol CO_2/(μmol·photons),比对照高3.66%;光饱和点1521.79~2008.53μmol/(m^2·s),平均值1776.61μmol/(m^2·s),比对照高8.36%;最大净光合速率17.33~25.72μmol CO_2/(m^2·s),平均值21.51μmol CO_2/(m^2·s),比对照高17.49%。(3)‘苏薹1号’在现蕾抽薹期的净光合速率日变化规律呈单峰型,10:00净光合速率达到最大值27.30μmol CO_2/(m^2·s),较对照最大值高7.79%,8:00—15:00光照强度大于800μmol/(m^2·s),净光合速率较对照高,16:00—17:00光照强度小于500μmol/(m^2·s)时,净光合速率与对照无差异;12:00—14:00气温达到35℃以上时,‘苏薹1号’净光合速率比最大值下降了13.37%,但依然能保持在23.65μmol CO_2/(m^2·sBy studying the photosynthetic characteristics of hybrid variety flowering Chinese cabbage ’Sutai 1’ in field,the authors aim to understand the physiological basis for high yield,provide data support for environmental regulation on production,as well as improve the photosynthetic characteristics and photosynthetic traits heterosis of flowering Chinese cabbage.’Youlv 501’ ,whose inbred lines is the male parent of ’Sutai 1’ ,was used as the control to determine the photosynthetic indicators of two varieties in different growth periods,and daily changes in bud bolting stage.The experimental results showed that：（1）compared with control, ’Sutai 1’ displayed no difference on net photosynthetic rate under low light intensity in the whole growth period,and displayed obviously higher net photosynthetic rate than control under high light intensity,moreover, ’Sutai 1’ appeared the photoinhibition phenomenon only in fruiting period,which was later than control;the control group appeared the photoinhibition phenomenon in all the stages except for collection period;the trend of the photosynthetic capacity of ’Sutai 1’ and control leaves exhibited a sequence from high to low as：squaring and bolting stage,picking stage,flowering stage,seedling stage and fruiting stage;the photosynthetic capacity of ’Sutai1’ leaves was obviously stronger than control with later development progress;（2）the photosynthetic simulation parameters of ’Sutai 1’ in the whole growth period were：the range of light compensation point with ’Sutai 1’ was 14.31-40.57 and the average was 24.18 which led to 7.38% reduction in value compared with control;the range of respiratory rate was 0.39-1.03 μmol/and the average was 0.68 which led to 6.56% reduction in value compared with control;the range of apparent quantum yield was 0.0263-0.0323 μmol·photons）,and the average was 0.0294 μmolwhich led to 3.66% increment in value compared with control;the range of light saturation point was 1521.79-2008.53 and the av

关 键 词：'苏薹1号’ 菜薹 全生育期 光合特性 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S634.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]