古今词体起源说的评述与思考  

A Review of the Viewpoints on the Origin of Ci-poems from Ancient to Modern Times

作　　者：钱志熙[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学中文系,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2017年第4期91-104,共14页Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：词体起源作为一个文体起源的问题,应该放在文学史研究中文体起源问题的理论视野中来推究。唐人还没有充分意识到词作为一种新的诗歌体裁的意义,词的起源问题始于五代,至宋有多家之说,多为现代词史家所取舍。考古今词体起源说,大体可分为词起于新声变曲、词起于燕乐、词起于声诗之变、词起于乐府之变、敦煌词为词的源头这样几个主要类型。从学术史的角度来说,古今词源说中其实存在着不同的学术立场的问题。近现代的词源学,则明显地存在着新旧学术的不同分野。When and how were Ci-poems originated as a genre？ We should examine this issue from the theoretical perspective of the origin of a literary genre in the study of literary history. In the Tang Dynasty, the significance of Ci-poems as a new type of poetry was not yet fully recognized. The probe into the origin of Ci- poems actually started in the Five Dynasties. Not until the Song Dynasty, there appeared different points of view about the origin of Ci-poems. Modem scholars of Ci-poetic history have either accepted or rejected the previous views. The views about the origin of Ci-poems from ancient to modem times can be roughly divided into several main types. They were originated from adapted music for new poems （新声变曲）, banquet music （燕乐）, variations of vocal poems （声诗）, variations of Yuefu （乐府）, or Dunhuang Ci-poems （敦煌词）. In the view of academic history, there have actually been different academic standpoints in the views about the origin of Ci-poems from ancient to modem times. Obviously there is a dividing line between old and new learning in the study on the origin of Ci-poems in modem times.

关 键 词：词的起源 燕乐 声诗 乐府 敦煌词 

分 类 号：I207.2[文学—中国文学]