中医身体观及其运动养生思想  

How traditional Chinese medicine views the body and nurtures life with physical exercises

作　　者：李有强[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院,上海200438

出　　处：《北京中医药大学学报》2017年第10期817-824,共8页Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目(No.16BTY094)~~

摘　　要：与传统儒家和道家身体观相比,中医身体观突破了以往"即身言心"和"观念大于身体"的身道传统,将生物性身体置于本体地位。中医身体观可划分为侧重生理结构的"解剖的身体"、侧重身体运行规律的"气化的身体"和侧重情感状态的"情志的身体"三个面向。解剖的身体与致病"不内外因"相合,反对具有一定危险性的体育活动,倡导规避风险的运动安全观;气化的身体与致病"外因"相合,反对不顾节气运行规律的体育活动,倡导因时而动的运动时令观;情志的身体与致病"内因"相合,反对新奇、刺激的体育活动,倡导和缓而寻常的运动形式观。虽然中医身体观将导引视为最佳的运动养生方式,反对激烈、刺激且运动量较大的体育活动,但在中医身体观话语体系中,这类体育活动也并非完全没有存在的余地,其论证逻辑仍然存在着自我调和兼容的可能。Compared with the body views in traditional Confucius and Daoism,traditional Chinese medicine（ TCM） has broken through the traditional concept of ＂body and mind＂and ＂mind is greater than the body＂,putting the biological body in the ontological position. TCM views the body from the following three aspects： anatomical body focusing on physiological structure; qi-movement body focusing on movement; and emotional body focusing on emotional status. The anatomical body view corresponds to ＂neither internal nor external cause＂and is against risky physical activities. It advocates sport safety to avoid any potential risk of injury. The qi-movement body view corresponds to ＂external cause＂and advocates physical activities in line with the solar terms rather than otherwise. Emotional body view corresponds to＂internal cause＂and advocates common mild physical activities. It is against emerging stimulant sports.Therefore Daoyin is considered as the optimal form of exercise for nurturing life. Although those intense stimulant sports are not advocated in TCM body view,there is still room for these types of physical activities to exist,as the logic of TCM body view is to harmonize and regulate all physical activities.

关 键 词：中医 身体 体育 养生 

分 类 号：R212[医药卫生—中医学]