面向大数据时代的城市规划研究响应与应对方略  

The Response and Countermeasures of Urban Planning Research in the Era of Big Data

作　　者：李燕萍[1] 虞虎[2] 王昊[3] 邓羽[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京青年政治学院计算机系,北京100102 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]中国电子信息产业发展研究院工经所,北京100846

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2017年第10期1-10,共10页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：北京市科技创新服务能力建设项目"首都智慧养老数据安全与隐私保护研究";北京青年政治学院科研项目"基于虚拟化的网络安全技术研究"

摘　　要：随着智慧城市建设的推进,城市大数据时代已经到来,大规模的全样本数据呈现出新的研究价值。利用大数据感知社会动态、辅助决策实施;将大数据应用于城市规划,使宏观政策对微观个体的影响有了量化评价手段和具体反馈渠道。大数据时代给城市规划的范式研究和实践研究都带来了强烈的冲击,结合城市大数据现状,从城市规划的研究范式演进和与大数据的实践融合两个方面展开讨论,研究范式演进包含从理性主义到新理性主义、从以地生财到以人为本和从自上而下到自下而上三个层面;与大数据的规划实践融合主要体现在城市功能区识别、城市空间行为研究和城市交通研究三大领域。最后,针对大数据在城市规划领域应用中出现的问题,提出响应策略与应对方略,对未来城市规划发展提供一些参考。With the development of the smart city, the city has come to the era of big data,big data is showing a new value. ＂ Better city, better life＂ will become true by using big data to perceive the social dynamics and aid decision making. The macro policy has the quantitative evaluation method and the feedback channel to the microscopic individual by applying big data to urban planning. The era of big data has brought a strong impact on the paradigm and practice of urban planning,all are at the exploratory stage. With city big data status, the article discusses about two aspects. One is paradigm evolution of urban planning, which includes from rationalism to new rationalism, from surrounding based to human based, and from top-down to bottom-up. Another is the practices of merge big data into the urban planning, which include functional zone identification, urban spatial behavior and urban traffic researches. Finally, the article suggests strategic proposal softer formerging big data into the urban planning, it is looking forward to provide some reference for the future urban planning.

关 键 词：城市大数据 城市规划 研究范式 规划响应 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]