水敏感城市治理模式与实践:澳大利亚的探索  

Governance Approach & Practice of Water Sensitive City: Australia's Exploration

作　　者：王锋 何包钢[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院社会发展与管理学院,湖州313000 [2]复旦大学公共管理博士后流动站,上海200433 [3]迪肯大学人文与社会科学学院

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2017年第10期86-93,共8页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：浙江省哲社规划项目(14SWH03YB);国家社科基金特别委托项目(16@ZH005);国家社科基金项目(15BGL212);浙江优秀之江青年学者项目(G308);湖州师范学院中青年学术带头人攀登项目

摘　　要：随着人口增长、气候变化及环境退化加剧,采用可持续的综合城市水治理路径已成为当今全球城市水管理共识。澳大利亚水敏感城市治理模式是该路径的典型代表。该国城市水治理历经"水供应城市"到"水敏感城市"的六种状态转型。水敏感城市治理模式强调整体性规划、适应性管理、跨学科学习、多元化供给、公众参与及风险共享;这些理念可融入三个实践支柱:作为水供应集水区的城市、提供生态系统服务的城市和包含水敏感社区的城市。澳大利亚的实践表明,通过水敏感城市设计、规制和财政投入,在短期较易实现上述支柱的前两个,但第三个支柱所需的"社会—政治"支持及制度转型则是一个长期过程。澳大利亚的探索无疑对中国当下海绵城市建设具有极其重要的借鉴意义。With the increase in population growth,climate change and environmental degradation,the approach of Sustainable Integrated Urban Water Governance has become popular in global urban water management. Australia＇ s Water Sensitive Urban Governance is one of typical representative of the approach. The country＇ s urban water management has undergone six states of transition from ＇water supply city＇ to ＇water sensitive city＇. Water Sensitive Urban Governance emphasizes holistic planning,adaptive management,interdisciplinary learning,diversified supply,public participation and risk sharing. These ideas can be integrated into three pillars of practice： Cities as water supply catchments,Cities providing ecosystem services,Cities comprising water sensitive communities. Australia＇s practice shows that it is easier to achieve the above two pillars in the short term,through the Water Sensitive Urban Design,regulation and financial investment. But thesocial-political support and institutional transformation of the third pillar is a long process. Australia＇s exploration of Water Sensitive City has a very important reference to China＇s sponge city construction.

关 键 词：水敏感城市 海绵城市 综合城市水治理 澳大利亚 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]