中国旧石器时代体育发端探索——以泥河湾遗址为案  

Exploring the Origin of Sports in China's Paleolithic Age——A Case Study based on Nihewan Ruins

作　　者：秦双兰[1] 程冬艳[1] 赵禹[1] 徐妍华[1] 陈志华[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学体育文化研究中心,河北保定071002

出　　处：《河北体育学院学报》2017年第6期18-23,共6页Journal of Hebei Sport University

基　　金：河北省社科基金"河北古代体育文物调查研究"(HB17TY002)

摘　　要：运用文献资料法和结构式观察法,从考古视角沿着中国古人类进化过程实证性探索了旧石器时代体育发端的可能性。认为:中国古代体育的起源至迟可以追溯到旧石器中期。旧石器中期开始的祭祀(或称图腾崇拜)逐渐分化出特定的肢体律动——舞蹈;旧石器中期批量出现的石球逐渐分化出有意识、有组织的习练活动——飞石索抛掷技巧训练;旧石器中、晚期批量出现的石片应该蕴含着我们至今还无法探知的丰富的儿童游戏;旧石器晚期的石镞、石矛就其性质而言,类同于石球的投掷技巧习练,所以仍属肢体训练;结合考古和文献推测,旧石器时代应该还没有萌生有意识、有组织的战争。建议根据不断增加的考古新材料,细致梳理考辨中国体育的起源与发展。Using literature and structural observation method,the possibility of the origin of sports in the Paleolithic age is explored from the archaeological perspective along the ancient human evolution process.It is revealed that the origin of ancient Chinese sports can be traced back to the late Paleolithic age.Middle Paleolithic rituals（or totem worship）gradually differentiated out the specific rhythm of body—dance.The stone ball which appeared in Middle Paleolithic age gradually differentiated conscious,organized practice activities-rope stone throwing skills training.Stone flakes unearthed in the middle and late Paleolithic age should contain enriched children games which we still cannot detect now.Paleolithic stone arrowhead,stone spear,on its nature,are similar to the stone ball throwing skills training,so they are still categorized as physical training of limbs.Combined with archaeology and literature,it is inferred that in the Paleolithic age,conscious and organized wars did not initiate yet.It is recommended to reflect on the origin and development of Chinese sports based on the increasing archaeological materials.

关 键 词：旧石器时代 体育发端 中国 泥河湾 舞蹈 抛掷技巧 儿童游戏 

分 类 号：G80-054[文化科学—运动人体科学]