秸秆压块与燃煤供热系统生命周期环境排放对比研究  

Life cycle environmental emission comparison of straw briquette fuel and coal fired heat generation

作　　者：王长波 陈永生[1] 张力小[2] 常远[3] 庞明月[2] WANG Changbo CHEN Yongsheng ZHANG Lixiao CHANG Yuan PANG Mingyue(Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 School of Management Science and Engineering, Central University of Finance and Economies, Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]农业部南京农业机械化研究所,南京210014 [2]北京师范大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100875 [3]中央财经大学管理科学与工程学院,北京100081

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2017年第11期4418-4426,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划(No.BE2014730);山东省农机装备研发创新计划项目(No.2016YF040);无锡市科技创新与产业升级引导资金项目(No.WX0302-B010505-150008-PB)~~

摘　　要：为证明采用秸秆压块燃料替代煤炭进行供热的可持续性,对秸秆压块和燃煤供热系统的生命周期环境排放进行了对比分析.基于我国2012年投入产出表,构建了投入产出生命周期评价(IO-LCA)和过程生命周期评价(PLCA)相结合的混合生命周期评价(Hybrid-LCA)模型,核算了玉米秸秆压块和燃煤供热系统供应1 GJ热的生命周期CO2、SO2、NOx和PM2.5排放.结果显示,秸秆压块供热系统的生命周期CO2排放量为7 kg·GJ-1热,比燃煤供热排放减少121 kg.此外,秸秆压块供热系统比燃煤供热系统可以分别减少SO2排放98%、NOx排放76%和PM2.5排放58%.控制原料水分,通过减少原料收集和能源转化过程中的耗损,减少能源转化过程的电力消耗以及控制原料收集半径等可以有效改进秸秆压块供热系统环境表现.To evaluate the sustainability of heat generation by straw briquette fuel in replacement of coal,life cycle environmental pollutant emissions were compared between briquette-and coal-fired heat generating systems. Based on the 2012 Chinese economic input-output table,a hybrid life cycle assessment（ Hybrid-LCA） model by combining the input-output LCA（ IO-LCA） and process LCA（ PLCA） was built and used to calculate the life cycle CO2,SO2,NOxand PM2.5 emissions associated with unit energy content（ Gigajoule,GJ） of heat generation from the coal and straw briquette burning in China. The results showed that the life cycle CO2 emissions of corn straw briquette-fired heat generation system was 7 kg·GJ^-1 heat,which was 121 kg less than the coal-fired heat generation system. Furthermore,the system also reduced SO2,NOxand PM2.5 emissions by 98%,76% and 58%,respectively.Controlling feedstock moisture,reducing feedstock loss in collection process,and enhancing energy-saving technology of the briquette fuel production process and shortening straw transportation distance could be effective measures to improve the system＇s environmental performance.

关 键 词：秸秆 成型燃料 煤炭 供热 混合生命周期评价 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]