影响长江口深水航道骤淤的非常态天气过程Ⅰ:台风的路径特征及数值验证  

The extraordinary weather process inducing sudden siltation in deepwater navigation channel of Yangtze Estuary Ⅰ: the typhoon path characteristics and numerical verification

作　　者：黄华聪 贾晓 路川藤[3] HUANG Huacong JIA Xiao LU Chuanteng(Shanghai Estuarine and Coastal Science Research Center,Shanghai 201201, China MOE Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics, School of NAOCE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China River and Harbor Engineering Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China)

机构地区：[1]上海河口海岸科学研究中心,上海201201 [2]上海交通大学水动力学教育部重点实验室,上海200240 [3]南京水利科学研究院河流海岸研究所,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《河海大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第5期432-438,共7页Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(41206072);2016年港口航道泥沙交通行业重点实验室开放基金(Yn216001)

摘　　要：为归纳长江口深水航道台风期骤淤的发生规律及特征,分析了发生骤淤时刻的气象条件与对应的波浪条件。研究发现,牛皮礁站的波能与骤淤具有较好的相关性;从台风路径上分析,长江口东侧过境台风对航道的骤淤影响显著。结合历史台风路径,选取3个典型路径的台风,选择藤田-高桥圆形经验风场和CFSR(climate forecast system reanalysis)风场的混合风场复演了台风场,然后采用SWAN模型模拟了不同路径台风期间的波况,最后以牛皮礁站的浅水波能流为判别参数,分析不同路径台风对长江口深水航道骤淤的影响。研究表明长江口东侧过境的台风是较易产生较大波能并进一步诱发骤淤的典型台风路径,这一分析结果与2010年以来的骤淤实测台风路径结果吻合。To summarize the occurrence regularity and characteristics of sudden siltation during typhoon period in the deepwater navigation channel of Yangtze Estuary, the meteorological conditions and corresponding wave conditions during sudden siltation are analyzed. The results show that the wave energy correlates well with the siltation in NPJ station. The analysis of typhoon paths suggests that the sudden siltation in the navigation channel is significantly influenced by the taphoon passing through the east part of Yangtze Estuary. In this study, three typical typhoon paths are selected with reference to the historic typhoon paths in Yangtze Estuary, and the typhoon field was replicated by combing the empirical circular （ Fujita and Takahashi ） wind field and CFSR （ climate forecast system reanalysis）wind field. SWAN model is then used to simulate the wave conditions under different typhoons paths. Finally, the effects of different typhoon paths on the sudden siltation are analyzed by taking the shallow water wave energy in NPJ station as the discriminant parameter. The study indicates that the typhoon passing through the east area of the Yangtze Estuary is found to be a typical typhoon path, which can readily induce relatively large wave energy and subsequent sudden siltation. And such analysis result agrees well with that of measured typhoon path causing sudden siltation since 2010.

关 键 词：长江口深水航道 骤淤 台风路径 藤田-高桥经验风场 CFSR风场 SWAN模型 波能 

分 类 号：TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] P732[天文地球—海洋科学]