油脂脂肪酸指纹库构建及在食用油脂地沟油类别鉴别中应用  

Establishment of a fingerprint database for fatty acids and its application in identification and discrimination of edible oils and hogwash oils

作　　者：宋家玉[1] 陈金东[1] 刘文杰[1] 周景洋[1] 姜大峰[1] 焦燕妮[1] 邢金川[1] SONG Jia-yu CHEN Jin-dong LIU Wen-jie et al(Hygiene Detection Center, Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji ~an , Shandong Province 250014, China)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心卫生检测中心,济南250014

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2017年第10期1526-1532,共7页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2013WS0164)

摘　　要：目的建立一种测定食用油脂、地沟油中各脂肪酸含量的毛细管气相色谱法,构建脂肪酸指纹库用于食用油脂类别辨析、地沟油鉴别。方法选择强极性毛细管柱,柱程序升温,载气高纯氮,进样口温度260℃,不分流/分流进样模式,进样1μL,氢火焰离子化检测器(FID)检测,面积归一法定量;采集色谱图,Excel 2007表汇总、构建各类油脂脂肪酸指纹库、对各类油脂特征性、特异性解析,辨析油脂类别。结果 C18:3、C20:5、C22:6 3种脂肪酸甲酯的质量浓度均在(0.05~20.0)mg/m L,与峰面积呈良好线性关系(r>0.999);方法质量检出限为1 ng,3水平平均回收率为95.3%~98.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均<5%,新法测定9类(动植物油脂、食用调和油、地沟油)119份油脂中组分脂肪酸含量;完成脂肪酸构成色谱图采集、构建指纹库;解析脂肪酸组成指纹库各类油脂脂肪酸组成含量差异特征明显,饱和脂肪酸、肉豆酸(C14:0)等特征差异明显,据此进行食用油类别、地沟油鉴别。结论新建毛细管色谱法定量准确、简便、选择性和重现性好;构建油脂脂肪酸指纹库、辨析各类油脂特征特异点为地沟油鉴别、食用油脂类别辨析提供技术支撑。Objective To develop a capillary gas chromatographic （CGC） method for the determination of fatty acid contents and to establish a fingerprints database of fatty acids for the identification of hogwash oils and discrimina- tion of edible oils. Methods We set the conditions for CGC measurement as following：using strongly polar stationary phase capillary column with temperature programming, pure nitrogen as carrier gas, with the injector temperature of 260 ~C, sample injection of 1 p,L, and split/splitless mode for injection. Flame ionization detector （FID） was used in de- tection of fatty acid and peak area normalization method was adopted for quantification. The chromatograms were collect- ed and summarized using Excel 2007. Then a standard fingerprints database for fatty acids of nine kinds of edible oils and hogwash oils was established based on detection results ;the database was further utilized for the discrimination and identi- fication of oil categories. The characteristic fingerprints of different type of oils or fats were compared with each other for their similarities and specificities. Results There was a good linear correlation between peak area of chromatogram and the mass concentration of three fatty acid methyl esters （ C18：3, C20：5, and C22：6） with the concentration range of 0. 05 mg/ml - 20.0 mg/ml （ r 〉 0. 999 ） ; the method detection limit was 1 ng ; the average recoveries ranged from 95.3 % to 98.5% at three different levels and the relative standard deviations （RSDs） were less than 5%. The contents of fatty acids in nine kinds of oils or fats （ 119 samples of animal fat, edible blend oil, and hogwash oil） were determined with the method;the fatty acids standard fingerprints in the database demonstrated significant differences in composite fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, and myristic acid （C14：0） of the nine kinds of oil and fat;the category of edible oils could be deter- mined and the hogwash oil could be identified based on those differences. Conclu

关 键 词：毛细管气相色谱法 脂肪酸 地沟油 食用油脂 指纹库 类别辨析 鉴定 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]