兰州市城关区大气微生物气溶胶污染状况调查与评价  

Investigation and Assessment on the Status of Atmospheric Microbial Aerosol Pollution in Chengguan District of Lanzhou City

作　　者：陈锷 许淑青 万东 张宁 褚可成 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省环境监测中心站

出　　处：《上海环境科学》2017年第5期211-216,221,共7页Shanghai Environmental Sciences

摘　　要：在兰州市区,分别选取甘肃环保科技大厦及不同环境功能区（兰大、省医院、火车站、兴隆山）进行了大气微生物气溶胶取样,研究不同季节及不同功能区空间环境的微生物气溶胶污染特征。结果表明,全年中大气微生物气溶胶数量分布状况有所差异。兰州市不同季节微生物气溶胶浓度变化范围为6.60~1 776 CFU/m^3,均值为807 CFU/m^3。大气中细菌气溶胶浓度变化范围为6.60~1 776 CFU/m^3,均值为942 CFU/m^3;不同季节细菌气溶胶数量排序为：秋季（1 776 CFU/m^3）〉夏季（1 033 CFU/m^3）〉冬季（952 CFU/m^3）〉春季（6.60 CFU/m^3）。大气中真（霉）菌气溶胶浓度变化范围为453~1 081 CFU/m^3,均值为826 CFU/m^3;不同季节真（霉）菌气溶胶数量排序为：夏季（1 081 CFU/m^3）〉冬季（1 047 CFU/m^3）〉春季（725 CFU/m^3）〉秋季（453 CFU/m^3）。大气中放线菌气溶胶浓度变化范围为173~1 131 CFU/m^3,均值为653 CFU/m^3;不同季节放线菌气溶胶数量排序为：夏季（1 131 CFU/m^3）〉冬季（825 CFU/m^3）〉春季（481 CFU/m^3）〉秋季（173 CFU/m^3）。在不同环境功能区春季空气微生物气溶胶数量分布状况亦有差异,细菌和放线菌气溶胶浓度排序均为：火车站最高,兴隆山（背景点）最低。真（霉）菌气溶胶数量排序为：兴隆山最高,火车站最低。从春季各环境功能区监测点位细菌和真（霉）菌气溶胶数量评价看,细菌气溶胶背景点位兴隆山上、下午时段均为清洁,上午时段火车站、省医院和兰大均为较清洁,下午时段火车站、省医院和兰大均为清洁;真（霉）菌气溶胶兴隆山、火车站、省医院和兰大均为清洁。大气微生物平均数量高低顺序及评价结果和大气细菌气溶胶及大气真（霉）菌气溶胶基本一致。研究结果为兰州市城关区环境管理决策提供参考。In order to find out the microbial aerosol pollution characteristics in different seasons and various locations, the Environmental Protection Technology Building and different environmentally functional zones in Lanzhou City including Lanzhou University, Gansu Provincial People＇s Hospital, Lanzhou Railway Station, Xinglongshan National Natural Reserve were chosen to conduct microbial aerosol sampling. Results showed that the density of microbial aerosols varied the year round. The contents of microbial aerosol changed from 6.60 to 1,776 CFU/m^3 in different seasons with an average of 807 CFU/m^3. The concentration of bacterial aerosol ranged from 6.60 to 1,776 CFU/m^3 with an average content of 942 CFU/m^3 and a seasonal distribution showed in descending order of autumn（1,776 CFU/m^3）, summer（1,033 CFU/m^3）, winter（952 CFU/m^3） and spring（6.60 CFU/m^3）. The concentration of fungal aerosol ranged from 453 to 1,081 CFU/m^3 with an average content of 826 CFU/m-3 and a seasonal distribution brought out in descending order of summer（1,081 CFU/m^3）, winter（1,047 CFU/m^3）, spring（725 CFU/m^3） and autumn（453 CFU/m^3）. The concentration of actinomycetes aerosol ranged from 173 to 1,131 CFU/m^3 with an average content of 653 CFU/m^3 and a seasonal distribution showed in descending order of summer（1,131 CFU/m^3）, winter（825 CFU/m^3）, spring（481 CFU/m^3） and autumn（173 CFU/m^3）. The spatial distribution of microbial aerosol in different environmentally functional areas was also different in spring. The railway station showed the highest bacterial and actinomycetes aerosol contents but had the lowest fungal ones. Xinglongshan（as a background spot） showed the opposite trend comparing to the railway station. According to the evaluation of the density of bacterial aerosol and fungal aerosol at sampling sites in different environmentally functional zones in spring, Xinglongshan, the railway station, the hospital and the university were all clean places both in the morning and

关 键 词：微生物气溶胶 功能区 微生物污染 评价 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]