不同播期下的糯玉米籽粒灌浆特性分析  

Grain Filling Characteristics of Waxy Maize Hybrids with Different Sowing Dates

作　　者：王桂跃[1] 赵福成[1] 包斐[1] 韩海亮[1] 楼肖成[1] 谭禾平[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省东阳玉米研究所,东阳322100

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2017年第9期3811-3818,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-02-069);浙江省农业(粮食)新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02050-9-1)共同资助

摘　　要：为了给糯玉米高产栽培及新品种选择提供依据,本研究分析了5个不同基因型的糯玉米品种在不同播期下的鲜穗产量及籽粒灌浆特性。结果表明,在试验所设的播期下,糯玉米春季早播和秋季晚播有利于鲜穗产量增加,春播相对秋播有更高的产量。糯玉米籽粒干重变化符合Logistic曲线增长,籽粒灌浆可分为前期、中期和后期三个时期。根据灌浆参数分析,籽粒干物质的增加主要集中在中期,该期灌浆持续时间最短但平均灌浆速率最大,其干物质积累量占了整个灌浆期的60%左右,而前期和后期分别约占20%。不同品种籽粒灌浆特性存在差异,沪玉糯3号和苏玉糯2号灌浆速率快,灌浆持续期较短。美玉8号、浙凤糯3号灌浆速率相对较慢且灌浆持续期较长。相关分析表明,糯玉米鲜穗产量与最大灌浆速率、平均速率、粒重增量、灌浆活跃期显著相关,与灌浆持续期相关不显著。In order to provide basis for high yield cultivation and new variety selection of waxy maize, the yield of fresh ear and grain filling characteristics of five waxy maize varieties under different sowing dates were analyzed. The results showed that, under the sowing dates, those sowed earlier in spring or later in autumn can easily get higher yield of fresh ear, besides the yield in spring was higher than that sowed in autumn. The weight variation of dry grain coincided with‘logistic curve＇and the grain filling process can be divided into three periods：earlier, middle and later stage. Through the analysis of filling parameters, the increase of dry matter in grain mainly concentrated in the middle stage, when the maximum grain filling rate was the largest and the filling duration was the shortest, its dry matter accumulation accounted for about 60% of the whole grain filling stage, and about 20 %in the earlier and later stages respectively. The grain filling characteristics of different varieties were different, the filling rate of Huyunuo 3 and Suyunuo 2 was faster and the filling duration was shorter. The filling rate of Meiyu 8,Zhefengnuo 3 was relatively slower and the filling duration was longer. The correlation analysis showed that the yield of waxy maize was significantly correlated with the maximum grain filling rate, average rate, grain weight increment and the active phase, but not significantly correlated with the filling duration.

关 键 词：糯玉米 播期 籽粒灌浆 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]