中国海员职业应激源量表的初步编制  

Development of the Occupational Stressor Scale for Chinese Seafarers(OSSCS)

作　　者：施利承[1,2] 戴家隽 陈霄[3] 杨连仁[4] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学航海医学研究所,江苏南通226019 [2]南京师范大学心理学院,南京210097 [3]南通大学杏林学院,江苏南通226007 [4]中国航海学会,北京100013

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2017年第11期902-906,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：中国科协创新战略研究项目(2015DCYJ04);江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究项目(2015SJD638)

摘　　要：目的:编制适用于中国海员这一特殊职业群体的应激源量表,并检验其信效度。方法:在文献分析、开放式问卷调查、访谈和专家讨论的基础上形成初始条目,选取531名海员进行初测并形成正式量表;另选取422名海员进行正式施测,对正式量表进行验证性因子分析及信度检验;选取48名海员进行重测;以症状自评量表(SCL-90)为工具完成效标效度检验。结果:量表包含职业环境、健康、人际关系、社会环境、婚恋和职业发展6个因子52个条目,可解释总变异的62.0%。验证性因子分析表明模型拟合良好(χ~2/df=2.28,CFI=0.94,IFI=0.93,NFI=0.91,TLI=0.92,RMSEA=0.06)。总量表及各因子和SCL-90得分均呈正相关(r=0.37~0.67,均P<0.01);量表的Cronbachα系数为0.82~0.97,分半信度为0.73~0.91,重测信度为0.82~0.91。结论:初步完成了中国海员职业应激源评估的维度构建与量表编制工作,且量表具有较好的信效度。Objective： To develop a standardized scale for measuring Chinese seafarers＇ occupational stressor and test its reliability and validity.Methods： The scale was developed based onliterature research, open questionnaire investigation,interviews and expert discussion.531 seafarers from nationwide were recruited to complete the pre-investigation.Totally 422 seafarers were tested with formal version for further confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency reliability.Forty-eight seafarers were tested for test-retest reliability.The criterion validity was tested with the Symptom Checklist 90（ SCL-90）.Results： The Occupational Stressor Scale for Chinese Seafarers（ OSSCS） included 52 items.Exploratory factor analysis generated 6 factors as occupational environment,health,interpersonal relationships,social environment,love and marriage,career development,which accounted for 62.0% of the variance in all.Confirmatory factor analysisshowed that the model fit well（ χ2/df = 2.28, CFI = 0.94, IFI =0.93,NFI = 0.91,TLI = 0.92,RMSEA = 0.06）.The OSSCS scores were positively correlated with SCL-90 scores（ r = 0.37-0.67,Ps 0.01）.Internal consistency reliabilities were 0.73-0.97,while test-retest reliabilities was0.82-0.91.Conclusion： It indicates the developed Occupational Stressor Scale for Chinese Seafarers（ OSSCS） is with good validity and reliability.

关 键 词：中国海员 职业应激源 效度 信度 

分 类 号：B845.66[哲学宗教—心理学] B841.7