异养硝化菌Acinetobacter sp.的分离鉴定及其脱氮特性  

Isolation and identification of a heterotrophic nitrifier, Acinetobacter sp., and its characteristics of nitrogen removal.

作　　者：王秀杰[1] 王维奇 李军[1] 李芸[1] 张彦灼[1] 孙艺齐 王思宇[1] 卞伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100124

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第11期4241-4250,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07202-013);16人才培养质量建设-双培养计划新兴专业建设(004000542216031)

摘　　要：从北京市高碑店污水处理厂BBR(Bacillus Bacteria Bioreactor)中试设备的活性污泥样品中分离得到一株异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌株JQ1004,利用16S r DNA对其进行同源性分析,初步鉴定其为不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter sp.).在好氧条件下,以丁二酸钠为碳源,分别以氨氮和硝酸盐氮为氮源,研究其脱氮特性,发现该菌株在33h时氨氮去除率达到99.45%,COD去除率达到92.54%;在34h时,硝酸盐氮去除率达到84.42%,而COD去除率达到93.11%.另外通过研究发现,与降解氨氮相比,菌株JQ1004在降解硝酸盐氮时需要更高的C/N.利用Compertz模型对其脱氮特性进行拟合发现,菌株对氨氮的最大降解速率明显高于降解硝酸盐氮的最大降解速率,分别为Rm=7.93mg/(L·h)和Rm=4.08mg/(L·h).利用响应面法进行实验设计,优化其脱氮条件,得到最佳脱氮条件为:pH=7.33;温度=31.80℃;转速=154.54r/min;C/N=7.76.Heterotrophic bacterium, the strain JQ1004 exhibiting simultaneous nitrification and aerobic denitrification were isolated from activated sludge and identified as Acinetobacter by 16 S r DNA. This study was focused on the characteristics of nitrogen removal under aerobic condition by Acinetobacter sp. JQ1004. Clearly, a significant decrease of ammonium and COD was observed by 33 h, with 99.45% and 92.54% removal efficiency respectively while NH_4^+-N was used as sole N-source and sodium succinate was used as organic carbon source. Besides, while the strain utilized NO_3^--N as nitrogen source, the removal efficiency of NO_3^--N was 84.42% and total 93.11% of COD was decreased during 34 h of incubation. It was interesting to note that higher C/N ratio was required in the degradation of nitrate than ammonium with the same initial concentration under aerobic conditions. Based on the description by modified Compertz model for the experimental data, it was found the isolate using ammonium as a sole nitrogen source showed higher rate of converting nitrogen than using nitrate, with 7.93 mg/(L·h) and 4.08 mg/(L·h) respectively. Response surface methodology(RSM) experiments proved that efficient nitrogen removal and growth of strain JQ1004 occurred with succinate as the carbon source, pH 7.33, 31.80℃, and high C/N ratio of 7.76 and dissolved oxygen(with shaking speed of 154.54 r/min).

关 键 词：不动杆菌属 异养硝化-好氧反硝化 响应面 动力学 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]