世界田径运动发展的动态时空特性  

Dynamic Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of World Athletics Development

作　　者：黄文敏[1] HUANG Wenming(Department of Physical Education,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350002, China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学体育部,福建福州350002

出　　处：《首都体育学院学报》2017年第2期141-145,157,共6页Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports

摘　　要：采用文献资料法、数理统计法、逻辑分析等方法,对世界田径大赛奖牌榜、国际田联年度最佳运动员评比、每年运动员破世界纪录情况进行统计分析,探究世界田径运动发展的动态时空特性。研究得出以下结论:1)世界田径格局大致经历了"欧洲一枝独秀""欧美对抗"形成、"欧美对抗"确立3个变迁阶段;2)现代田径格局变迁大致需8年4届世锦赛,2届奥运会6次大赛的时间区段和大赛频次;3)金牌争夺阶段性,周期性动态特征明显;4)1993—2008年田径运动经历了一段跨越式、整体性发展阶段,2009年后整体趋势有停滞迹象;5)男女整体上呈同步发展态势,但发展方向上有明显差异,男子在短跑,全能项群发展幅度较大,女子则在跳跃,投掷项群上突飞猛进;6)破纪录项群具有明显的地域特征;7)短跑项群始终是现代田径运动的主流和热点,长跑和跳跃项群较受欢迎。By using the methods of literature review,mathematical statistics and logic analysis,this paper makes statistical analysis on medal tables of major world competitions,IAAF world athletes of the year,and world records broken each year,discusses the dynamic temporal and spatial characteristics of world athletics development.The conclusions of the study are as follows：1）the world athletics pattern roughly experienced the Europe outshines others,the formation of Europe against the United States,the establishment of Europe against the United States;2）the modern athletics pattern change has roughly experienced the span and frequency of 8years in 4world championships and 6competitions in 2Olympic Games;3）The periodic dynamic characteristics of gold medal contest are obvious;4）Athletics has experienced a leap and overall development in 1993-2008,and then the overall trend shows the signs of stagnation after2009;5）Men and women athletics show a synchronous development trend,but there are obvious differences in the direction of development,men in the sprint,all-round development,the woman in jumping and throwing;6）The group of records has obvious regional characteristics;7）The sprint group is always the mainstream of modern athletics sports.

关 键 词：田径运动 动态 时空特征 

分 类 号：G808.1[文化科学—体育训练]