外泌体与肿瘤发展相关性的研究进展  

Progress in the correlation between exosomes and tumor development

作　　者：郭影[1] 吴楠[1] 金焰[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学医学遗传学研究室,150081

出　　处：《国际遗传学杂志》2017年第5期289-295,共7页International Journal of Genetics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81371617）

摘　　要：外泌体是一类直径介于30-100 nm之间的胞外囊泡,包含多种蛋白质、核酸与脂类成分,可由大多数细胞分泌.外泌体在细胞间通讯中发挥着重要作用.越来越多的研究表明,外泌体可通过多种途径将其内含物运送至受体细胞,进而调控受体细胞的功能,特别是促进肿瘤细胞的生长与转移,但其中的机制尚未完全清楚.同时,凭借其传递特性,外泌体在运载药物与肿瘤诊断方面也具有巨大潜能.本综述主要介绍外泌体的基本概况及其与肿瘤发展相关的最新进展,为肿瘤的诊疗提供新的靶点与方向.Exosomes are a kind of extracellular vesicles in the typical size range （30 - 1 00 nm diameter）,containing various proteins,nucleic acids and lipids,and could be released by most cell types.Exosomes may play significant roles in cell-cell communication.Accumulating evidences indicate that exosomes can transfer substantial cargo via regulated processes,conferring functional impacts on recipient cells,especially on promoting tumor cells growth and metastasis,however,the mechanism of which is not clearly understood.By utilizing the transmission characteristic,exosomes could have tremendous potentials in drug delivery and serve as biomarkers for diagnosis in the future.In this review,we primarily illustrate the basic profile of exosomes and the latest progress in studing their effects on various tumors,which likely provides abundant new targets and future direction in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors.

关 键 词：外泌体 细胞间通讯 肿瘤 MICRORNA 

分 类 号：R730.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]