石羊河下游绵刺群落生态位特征研究  

Niche Characteristics of Potaninia mongolica Community in the Lower Reach of Shiyang River

作　　者：赵慧宏 曾新德 张有佳 王承勋 李威龙 许芳荣 贾斌斌 张杰 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省环境科学设计研究院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃民勤连古城国家级自然保护区管理局,甘肃民勤733399

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第5期920-928,共9页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：甘肃省科技支撑计划项目(1304FKCH100;144NKCH057)

摘　　要：【目的】研究石羊河下游绵刺群落物种生态位特征,以期明确绵刺群落各物种对环境的生态适应性和种间关系,为绵刺群落的保护、恢复和合理利用提供科学依据。【方法】运用重要值、生态位宽度和生态位重叠度,分析石羊河下游绵刺群落各物种对资源的利用状况,揭示绵刺群落的结构和稳定性。【结果】(1)在绵刺群落中,绵刺的重要值和生态位宽度都明显高于群落中其他物种,为群落优势种。(2)在整个群落中生态位宽度从大到小依次为绵刺、珍珠猪毛菜、蒙古韭、蝎虎驼蹄瓣、细叶骆驼蓬、短叶假木贼等。(3)在整个绵刺群落中生态位宽度和与绵刺生态位重叠度都较大的物种是珍珠猪毛菜和蝎虎驼蹄瓣。(4)绵刺群落中其他物种之间的生态位重叠程度总体偏低,只有个别的物种之间生态位重叠较大。【结论】石羊河下游绵刺群落处于一个相对稳定的阶段。绵刺、珍珠猪毛菜、蒙古韭、蝎虎驼蹄瓣、细叶骆驼蓬、短叶假木贼等在绵刺群落中生态幅较宽,在植物群落构建中起着重要的作用。生态位宽度大的物种与绵刺生态位重叠度也大。绵刺与珍珠猪毛菜、蝎虎驼蹄瓣等对生境的要求比较相近,首先与这些物种发生竞争。[Purpose] Niche characteristics of Potaninia mongolica community in the lower reach of Shiyang River were studied to determine the species ecological adaption to the environment,which provides the scientific basis for the protection,recover and reasonable use of P. mongolica community.[Method]By the use of importance value,niche breadth and niche overlap,the utilization of species of P. mongolica community to resources in the lower reach of Shiyang River was analyzed to show the structure and stability of P. mongolica community. [Results]（ 1） P. mongolica was the dominant species of the community,the importance value and the niche breadth of which were significantly higher than other species.（ 2） In the whole community,the niche breadth from large to small was as follows： Potaninia mongolica,Salsola passerina,Allium mongolicum Regel,Zygophyllum mucronatumMaxim.,Peganum nigellastrum Bge.,Anabasis brevifolia.（ 3） S. passerina and Z. mucronatum Maxim. had both higher niche breadth and P. mongolica niche overlap in the whole P. mongolica community;（ 4） The niche overlap of the other species in the P. mongolica community was generally low,except for the individuals,among which were relatively high. [Conclusion] The P. mongolica community was in a relatively stable stage in the lower reach of Shiyang River. P. mongolica,S.passerina,A. mongolicum Regel, Z. mucronatum Maxim.,P. nigellastrum Bge., A. brevifolia play critical roles in the structure of the plant community due to the wider ecological amplitude. Also,the higher the niche breadth of the speciesis,the higher niche overlap with P. mongolicais. It means that P. mongolica competes with species that requires the similar ecological environment,such as S. passerina and Z. mucronatum Maxim.

关 键 词：绵刺 生态位 生态位宽度 生态位重叠度 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]