2011-2015年宁夏银川市居民恶性肿瘤死因及减寿分析  

Analysis on mortality and PYLL of malignant tumor in Yinchuan of Ningxia Province from 2011 to 2015

作　　者：李燕 张嫣平[2] 刘兰[1] LI Yan;ZHANG Yan-ping;LIU Lan(Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;Department of Infectious Disease Control and Immunization Management, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yinchuan City, Yinchuan 750011, China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学公共卫生与管理学院,公共卫生专业宁夏银川750004 [2]宁夏银川市疾病预防控制中心传染病防控与免疫规划管理科,宁夏银川750011

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2017年第10期997-1001,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：目的搜集并整理2011-2015年银川市当地民众恶性肿瘤的相关信息,就其分布特征,死亡状况和变化趋势等展开分析,为恶性肿瘤防控提供理论依据。方法对2011-2015年银川市恶性肿瘤死亡信息进行分析,并对死亡率、死因顺位、潜在减寿年数、减寿率和平均减寿年数加以计量,率的比较采用χ~2检验。结果 5年间恶性肿瘤共死亡7 775人,占死亡总人数的19.56%,年均死亡率为75.53/10万,男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=409.50,P<0.001)。肺癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和食管癌是诸多恶性肿瘤中死亡率位居前五位的疾病,共占恶性肿瘤死亡总数的67.61%。前十位恶性肿瘤潜在减寿年数、减寿率和平均减寿年数分别为32 390人年、3.14‰和71.56年。结论恶性肿瘤是银川市居民的主要死因,尤以肺癌、胃癌、肝癌和结直肠癌为甚。开展社区人群防癌健康宣教、高危人群筛查和早诊早治等恶性肿瘤综合防治工作是银川市当前公共卫生工作的首要任务。Objective To collect and sort out the information about the malignant tumor among the local people in Yinchuan from 2011 to 2015,and to analyze the distribution,the death situation and the trend of changes,which can provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of malignant tumor.Methods The data of malignant tumor deaths in Yinchuan from the year of 2011 to 2015 were collected,the mortality,the sequence of the cause of death and the potential years of life lost （PYLL）,potential years of life lost rate （PYLLR） and average years of life lost （AYLL） were calculated and analyzed,Chi square test was used.Results 7 775 people were died from maliguant tumor among these 5 years,accounting for 19.56% of the total number of deaths,the average mortality rate was 75.53 per 10 million,and the rate was higher in male than in female with a significant difference （x2 =409.50,P 〈 0.001）.Lung caueer,gastric cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer were among the top 5 in many malignant tumors,which accounted for 67.61% of the total deaths of malignant tumors.The PYLL,PYLLR and AYLL of top ten cancers were 32 390 years,3.14 per thousand and 71.56 years.Conclusions Malignant tumor is the main cause of death of residents in Yinchuan,especially lung cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer and colorectal cancer.Thus,currently,carrying out comprehensive prevention and control is the primary task of public health work.The work may contain community cancer preveution,health education,high-risk population screening,early diagnosis and early treatment of malignant tumors,etc.

关 键 词：肿瘤 继发原发性 死亡率 流行病学研究 

分 类 号：R730[医药卫生—肿瘤]