空间修复与“城市病”：当代马克思主义的视野  

On Spatial Fixes and Urban Disease from the Perspective of Modern Marxism Modernity, Spatial Fixes and Urban Disease

作　　者：车玉玲 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学哲学系,中国特色城镇化研究中心,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2017年第5期1-11,共11页Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“空间与资本:对《资本论》的当代解读”(项目编号:12BZX001)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：照人本主义城市学家的观点,"城市病"是现代性问题的外化体现。不过,20世纪的西方马克思主义学者列斐伏尔、大卫·哈维、卡斯特、索贾等思想家却从"资本主义自身的空间修复"这一视角分析了"城市病"产生的现实根源,指出城市化是当代全球化的重要途径,在当代城市社会已经取代了以往工业社会的决定地位,城市空间是当代资本主义自我修复的主要途径。这一理论也是在现代性的视域下展开的,不过更具有批判性与针对性,并且延续了马克思主义政治经济学批判的方法,开辟了社会批判理论的新视角,直接指向资本主义制度本身。在当代西方马克思主义学者看来,"城市病"的根源在于资本化空间对于日常生活空间的侵占,因此,围绕着城市空间的控制权而展开的抗争将成为未来革命的焦点,即"城市权利"。然而,无论"城市病"还是空间修复本身所蕴含的内在矛盾都注定了,掠夺性的空间实践将引起城市的反叛与异化。如果说"城市病"了,必须反思使其致病的文明病根,我们认为,到一定程度之时,以新的文明理念为指导构建的城市将替代今天的城市样态。从根本上看,对于"城市病"的批判应该是对于现代性文明形态及其未来可能新文明形态的反思。According to humanistic urbanologists,urban disease is the appearance of problems in modern society.However,Western Marxists in 20th century exemplified by Henri Lefebvre,David Harvey analyze the realistic root of urban disease from the angle of spatial fixes of capitalism.They hold that urbanization is the essence of globalization with urbanized society replacing industrial society playing a decisive role and urban space is the major approach for fixing capitalism.Such theory is critically and pertinently put forth from the perspective of modernity and continually adopts critical methods in Marxist political economy,creating a new viewpoint for social critical theory which directly referring to capitalism.In modern Western Marxists’view,urban disease arises from the capitalized space’s invasion of living space,therefore,fighting for control over urban space,i.e.urban rights would become the focus of future revolution.However,no matter for urban disease or spatial fixes,their inner contradictions prove that a predatory approach is bound to cause rebel and alienation of unban.Urban disease calls for reflections of its root.In our opinion,urban built under new notion of civilization would replace the present one.In a word,criticism of urban disease centres around people’s reflections about the state of modern civilization and that of new civilization in the future.

关 键 词：“城市病” 空间修复 城市权利 新文明 

分 类 号：B016.9[哲学宗教—哲学理论]