苹果小吉丁成虫生物学特性补遗和幼虫饲养  

Addendum of Biological Characters of Adult Agrilus mali Matsumura and Rearing of Larvae

作　　者：李孟楼[1] 张正青[1] 常勇 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2017年第6期214-219,共6页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201404403)

摘　　要：为明确苹果小吉丁成虫生物学特性、便于采用适宜的方式防治成虫,饲养成虫和幼虫为其他研究提供虫源,采取室内饲养和观察方法研究了苹果小吉丁成虫性比、寿命、雌雄取食量和耐饥性,及幼虫饲料配方的定性筛选。研究表明,苹果小吉丁成虫性比1∶3.4,饥饿状态下雄虫平均寿命4.7d、雌虫6.5d;取食苹果叶时成虫最长寿命24d、平均寿命14.35d,雄虫可存活9~14d、总取食量212.91mm2,雌成虫15~22d、总取食量雌虫279.45mm2,成虫总取食量约达1片苹果叶面积的16%~21%;采用48%的毒死蜱和5%的高效氯氰菊酯叶面喷雾,成虫可在2h内全部死亡。在25℃、70%相对湿度条件下,用饲料A1、A2、B1、B2、C和D饲养苹果小吉丁幼虫,幼虫取食饲料A2和D并能够化蛹和羽化出成虫,由饲料D饲养的幼虫最长可存活55d。苹果小吉丁成虫期具有较长的寿命和活跃的取食习性,采用叶面喷药方式能够防治成虫;饲料A2和D的成分能够满足幼虫发育至成虫的需要。In order to define the biological characters of adult Agrilus mall and to easily control the adult in proper management, adult A. mall and larva were reared in the laboratory to study the sex ratio,lifcspan, male and female feeding amount and resistance to starvation of adult,and to qualitatively screen feed for mulation of larva. The results showed that the sex ratio of adult was 1 ： 3.4. In the starvation,the average life span of male was 4.7 d,the average life span of female was 6.5 d. The maximal life span of adult was 24 d with average of 14.35 d when feeding with apple leaves. The male could survive for 9--14 d,and the total feeding amount was 212. 91 mm^2. The female could survive 15 22 d,and the total feeding amount was 279.45 mm^2. The adult total feeding amount accounted for 16%~ 21% of an apple leaf. The adult died in 2 h after supplying 48% chlorpyrifos and 5% beta cypermethrin foliar spraying. At 25℃ and 70% rela- tive humidity,feed A1, A2, B1, B2,C and D were used to rear the larvae, pupation and eclosion occurred successfully in the larvae by feeding A2 and D . The larvae which fed with D could survive to 55 d. The re suits demonstrated that the adult stage of A.mali had a longer life span and active feeding habit,the foliar spraying method could effectively control the adult,thc feed A2 and D could be able to supply the enough energy for A. mali growth from larva to adult.

关 键 词：苹果小吉丁 成虫 幼虫 生物学特性 人工饲养 

分 类 号：S763.3[农业科学—森林保护学]