2007—2016年绵阳市非生产性农药中毒流行病学调查  

Epidemiological investigation on nonproductive pesticide poisoning in Mianyang City from 2007-2016

作　　者：邓莎莎[1] 

机构地区：[1]绵阳市疾病预防控制中心职业与放射卫生检测所,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第21期2979-2981,2985,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解绵阳市2007—2016年非生产性农药中毒状况,为制定有效管理措施提供依据。方法收集2007—2016年绵阳市农药中毒报告卡,对数据进行统计分析。结果 2007—2016年绵阳市共报告非生产性农药中毒2 090例,死亡195例,病死率为9.33%,其中误服与自服中毒者病死率差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.72,P<0.05),各年间病死率差异有统计学意义(χ2=92.79,P<0.05)。男女性别比为1∶1.36,男性死亡数102例,病死率11.54%,女性死亡数93例,病死率7.71%,两者病死率差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.83,P<0.05)。非生产性农药中毒患者平均年龄(43.79±21.65)岁,不同年龄组中毒类型的差异有统计学意义(χ2=373.50,P<0.05)。误服农药中毒以<15岁和≥65岁年龄组为主,自服农药中毒以35~<55岁和≥65岁年龄组为主。非生产性农药中毒全年均有发生。杀虫剂和除草剂是引起非生产性农药中毒的主要毒物,分别占总中毒例数的63.68%和23.40%。杀虫剂中以有机磷杀虫剂最多,占64.24%。结论绵阳市非生产性农药中毒较严重,应加强农药的监督管理工作,加强宣传教育,提高对农药危害的认识,提高农民思想素质,从而有效防止非生产性农药中毒的发生。[Objective] To understand the situation of nonproductive pesticide poisoning in Mianyang City from 2007-2016, provide a reference for formulating the effective management measures. [Methods] The pesticide poisoning report cards in Mianyang City from 2007-2016 were collected, and the data were analyzed. [Results] Totally 2 090 nonproductive pesticide poisoning cases were reported in Mianyang City from 2007-2016, including 195 death cases, and the fatality rate was 9.33%. There was statistically significant difference in the fatality rate between accidental poisoning group and suicidal poisoning group （X2=8.72,P〈0.05）, and the difference in the fatality rate was statistically significant among different years （X^2=92.79,P〈0.05）. The ratio of male to female was 1 ： 1.36. There were 102 male death cases and 93 female death cases, with the fatality rate of 11.54% and 7.71% respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （X^2=8.83,P〈0.05）. The average age of nonproductive pesticide poisoning cases was （43.79±21.65） years old, and there was statistically significant difference in poisoning types among different age groups （X^2=373.50,P〈0.05）. Most of accidental poisoning cases were people under 15 years old and above 65 years old, while suicidal poisoning cases mainly were people aged 35-〈55 years old and above 65 years old. Nonproductive pesticide poisoning occurred throughout the year. Most of poisoning cases were caused by insecticide and herbicide, which respectively accounted for 63.68% and 23.40% of total cases. The main type of insecticide was organophosphorus pesticide, accounting for 64.24%. [Conclusion] The nonproductive pesticide poisoning is serious in Mianyang City. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision and administration of pesticides, enhance the publicity and education to improve the understanding of pesticides, and improve farmers＂ ideological quality, to prevent the nonproductive pesticide poisoning effectively.

关 键 词：农药中毒 非生产性 流行病学调查 

分 类 号：R155.33[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]