二氧化氯和漂白粉消毒对农村集中式供水微生物学安全性影响比较  

A comparison of the effects of disinfection by chlorine dioxide and chlorinated lime on the microbiological safety of central drinking water provision in rural areas

作　　者：孙莉[1] 李俊康[1] 秦岭[1] 张丽[1] 李张[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心环境卫生所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2017年第9期815-819,共5页Journal of Environment and Health

摘　　要：目的比较二氧化氯和漂白粉消毒对农村饮用水微生物学安全性的影响。方法于2009—2012年对四川省农村集中式供水工程抽样并进行水质监测,对水样的微生物学及相关消毒剂余量指标合格率进行比较。结果 2009—2012年分别监测了2 094、2 083、2 993、2 979个工程。各年份监测的仅消毒和完全处理供水工程中,各种消毒剂处理的饮用水均为菌落总数合格率最高,大肠埃希菌或耐热大肠菌群其次,总大肠菌群最低。仅消毒和完全处理供水工程中,各年份各种消毒剂处理饮用水的微生物学指标合格率在总体上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两两比较结果显示,仅消毒供水工程中,与漂白粉相比,二氧化氯消毒饮用水的微生物学和消毒剂余量指标合格率较高(P<0.001);完全处理供水工程中,与漂白粉相比,二氧化氯消毒饮用水的2009—2011年大肠埃希菌或耐热大肠菌群、2010—2012年总大肠菌群合格率较高(P<0.008),2009年总大肠菌群和2010年菌落总数合格率较低(P<0.001),且消毒剂余量指标合格率均较高(P<0.05)。结论二氧化氯消毒饮用水的微生物学质量较好,今后应加强对用漂白粉消毒的农村集中式供水工程的监测和管理。Objective To compare the effects of chlorine dioxide disinfection and chlorinated lime disinfection on the microbiological safety of drinking water in rural areas. Methods Central drinking water provision plants in rural Sichuan were sampled and water quality of the specimens was monitored,the qualified rates of the microbiological index and disinfectant residue were compared. Results During 2009-2012, 2 094, 2 083, 2 993, and 2 979 drinking water plants were monitored. Among the monitored disinfection only and full treatment drinking water plants using various disinfectants,the total count of bacteria showed the highest qualified rate, followed by Escherichia coli or thermotolerant coliforms,total coliforms was the lowest.The qualified rate of microbiological index of water samples from the disinfection only and full treatment drinking water plants using various disinfectants, as a whole, showed statistically significant difference （P〈0.05）. In drinking water plants with disinfection only, the qualified rates of microbiological index and disinfectant residue of water samples disinfected by chlorine dioxide were higher compared with those by chlorinated lime （P〈0.001）. In drinking water plants with full treatment, the qualified rates of water samples disinfected by chlorine dioxide were higher in Escherichia coli or thermotolerant coliforms in 2009-2011, total coliforms in 2010-2012 （P〈0.008）, and also in disinfectant residue（P〈0.05）, lower in total coliforms in 2009 and the total count of bacteria in 2010,compared with those by chlorinated lime （P〈0.001）. Conclusion The microbiological quality of drinking water disinfected by chlorine dioxide is better, the central drinking water provision plants using chlorinated lime need to be strictly monitored and regulated in the future.

关 键 词：农村 饮用水 微生物学 安全 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]