物(Ding)与世界(Welt)之间的圆舞——论海德格尔对特拉克尔诗作的存在论式批评进路  

The Interaction between Thing and World——on Heidegger's ontological Interpretation of Georg Trakl

作　　者：张文琦[1] ZHANG Wen-qi(School of Art, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院,北京100872

出　　处：《科学．经济．社会》2017年第4期112-119,共8页Science Economy Society

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目成果17XNH094

摘　　要：特拉克尔是20世纪初德语诗人中的表现主义先驱,其诗作充满独特的表现手法和新颖的表现主题。在其诗作的批评史中存在两种重要的批评模式,即宗教主义的超越论和心理主义的还原论。在这两种批评模式之外,海德格尔在50年代初提供了一种存在论式的批评方向。在这种新的批评模式中,"物""世界"等本体论概念代替"死亡""绝望"等宗教性或心理性概念成为主要的关注对象。物与世界之间的运动性组建起这种存在论式批评模式的基本结构。最后,海德格尔的批评进路在方法论上建基于现象学-解释学,这使得它能够忠实于诗歌本身而避免宗教主义的超越论和心理主义的还原论。Georg Trakl is a forerunner of the Expressionism Movement in the early 20th century whose poetry are famous of special technique of expression and novel theme. There are two main modes of great importance in his history of acceptance and criticism, i.e. Religionary Transcendentalism and Psychological Reductionism. In the 1950s, Heidegger put forward an ontological interpretation of Trakl. According to this interpretation, several concepts such as Thing World began to take the place of Death Despair and became the mos important objects for interpretation. The interaction between thing and world construct the basic structure of this ontological interpretation. Finally, Heidegger＇ s ontological mode is based on phenome- nology-hermeneutic methodologically, which makes it fit for Trakl＇ s poetry and avoiding Religionary Transcendentalism and Psychological Reductionism.

关 键 词：宗教主义 心理主义 存在论 物 世界 解释学 

分 类 号：I106.2[文学—世界文学]