基于多源数据人口分布空间化研究——以河北省张家口市为例  

Spatial distribution of population specialization based on multi-source data:a case study of Zhangjiakou City

作　　者：黄安[1,2] 许月卿[1,2] 孙丕苓[1,2] 刘超[1,2] 郑伟然[1,2] HUANG An;XU Yueqing;SUN Piling;LIU Chao;ZHENG Weiran(College of Resource and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality, Monitoring and Control, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100193, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]国土资源部农用地质量与监控重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《资源科学》2017年第11期2186-2196,共11页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41571087)

摘　　要：人口数据空间化研究能够发掘和展现人口空间分布信息,有助于为区域可持续发展研究提供数据支持。研究基于GIS与RS技术,运用主成分分析模型整合多源影响因素获取人口空间分布影响贡献系数,遵循以乡镇级行政区域为控制单元,由控制单元内完整土地空间共同分配乡镇统计人口的原则,实现张家口市统计人口数1km×1km格网空间化。结果表明:空间化人口密度分布特征符合张家口人口空间分布的实际情况,并随各影响因素空间分布变化而变化的趋势,与HSI指数、建设用地极显著相关,与其他指标之间存在显著相关;高值区主要集中在桥西区、桥东区和宣化区,以及各乡镇的镇中心,大致分布在与HSI高值区、RDLS低值区和建设用地集中区。以乡镇级尺度为控制单元进行人口空间化,所得空间化结果的精度优于县级控制单元空间化结果,可为多尺度的综合研究提供数据支持。The study of population can reveal the spatial information behind the demographic data, and helps to provide data support for the research on regional sustainable development. With the aid of technology of GIS and RS, we selected six factors that affect the distribution of population： Human Settlements Index （HSI）, Relief Degree of Land Surface （RDLS）, and the area ratio of construction land, cultivated land, water area, and garden in a regular grid. We also obtained the contribution coefficient IFI value of population spatial distribution through principal component analysis model, and allocated the population of Zhangjiakou City to a lkmx lkm grid, which obeys the principles that the statistical population of the township is assumed by the land space of the whole area, and the administrative area is taken as a model control unit to achieve the goal of specialization of population. The results showed that the population density obtained in this study conformed to the actual situation of the city. There are changes over various factors influencing the spatial distribution tendency, and there is a significant relationship between result and HSI and construction land, which was closely related to the other factors. High value population area mainly concentrated in the area includes Qiaoxi, Qiaodong and Xuanhua districts, as well as downtown center. The specific area is distributed in the area of HSI high value, low RDLS and high value of construction land ratio area. Based on the township level scale as the Control unit to forecast the spatial population, the accuracy of the result is better than that of the county level as control unit, which can provide data support for multi-scale comprehensive research.

关 键 词：GIS RS 多源数据 人口 空间化 张家口市 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学]