无砟轨道温度简便计算及极端天气影响分析  

Simplified Calculation of Temperature in Concrete Slabs of Ballastless Track and Influence of Extreme Weather

作　　者：刘学毅[1] 李佳莉[1] 康维新 刘笑凯[1] 杨荣山[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学高速铁路线路工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2017年第6期1037-1045,1060,共10页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合项目(U1434208);四川省科技支撑计划资助项目(2016GZ0333)

摘　　要：为了研究无砟轨道的温度特性,分析道床板与环境的换热机理,开展了无砟轨道温度监测试验.运用频谱方法,研究了气象因素与道床板温度间的关系;基于热力学原理和试验研究,反演道床板材料热工参数,建立了道床板温度的简便计算方法,并对其计算精度进行评价;探讨了太阳辐射、风、大气温度等对道床板温度的影响,分析了极端天气下道床板的温度特性.研究结果表明:本文方法能够有效计算无砟轨道道床板温度,误差在0.4~3.0℃之间,具有较高精度和实用性;道床板导温系数宜取为0.004 3 m2/h;平均气温和太阳辐射主要决定整体温度,气温振幅对温度梯度有较大影响;风力等级达到4级以上时,板面温度近似为等效气温;极端天气下,道床板下表面温度可能达到50℃,温度梯度达到110℃/m.In order to ascertain the temperature distribution characteristics of a ballastless t rack, heat transfer mechanisms between the concrete slab and the environment were investigated, and a field temperature test of the ballastless track was conducted. The spectrum analysis method was used to study the relationship between meteorological data and the measured concrete slab temperature. Further, based on thermodynamic principles and experimentation, concrete slab thermal parameters were calculated, and a simplified concrete slab temperature calculation method was established. The predicted and measured results were then compared, the influence of solar radiation, wind, and air temperature on track temperature were studied, and concrete slab temperature distribution characteristics under extreme weather were also analysed. The results show that this calculation method has good accuracy （0. 4 -3.0 °C ） and applicability in calculating concrete slab temperature. The concrete slab thermal diffusivity was determined to be 0. 004 3 m2/h. Mean air temperature and solar radiation play a leading role in overall concrete slab temperature, and the air temperature amplitudegreatly influences the concrete slab temperature gradient. When the wind scale is greater than 4, the concrete slab surface temperature is approximate to the equivalent air temperature. During extreme weather, the temperature at the lower concrete slab surface can reach 50 °C , and the temperature gradient can reach 110 °C/m.

关 键 词：无砟轨道 温度 频谱分析 反演分析 极端天气 

分 类 号：U213.21[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]