某三甲儿童医院515例药品不良反应回顾性分析  

Retrospective Analysis of 515 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Children's Hospital

作　　者：李小霞 李琴[1] 卢金淼[1] 朱逸清[1] 陈也伟[1] 朱琳[1] 李智平[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属儿科医院临床药学部,上海201102

出　　处：《药物流行病学杂志》2017年第11期766-770,共5页Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology

基　　金：上海市卫生计生系统重要薄弱学科建设项目(编号:2016ZB0305);中国-世卫组织2016-2017双年度合作项目(编号:2016/647672-0)

摘　　要：目的:回顾性分析某三甲儿童医院515例药品不良反应(ADR)的发生特点,为预防药品不良反应和促进安全用药提供参考。方法:对该院2010年1月~2017年5月主动上报的515例有效ADR报告,按照患者性别、年龄、给药途径、药品种类,涉及的器官或系统及其临床表现等进行描述性统计分析。结果:515例ADR报告中,男女比例是3∶2,1~12岁的患儿ADR构成比83.90%;静脉给药致ADR构成比48.62%;抗感染药致ADR构成比38.80%,其中头孢菌素致ADR构成比52.71%,严重ADR构成比11.84%。以皮肤及其附件损害最为常见,构成比39.46%。结论:医务人员应重视ADR的监测与报告,对常见ADR应密切观察,及时对症治疗,对新的严重ADR应及时上报,保障患者用药安全。Objective：To analyze the clinical characteristics of adverse drug reactions （ADR）, to strengthen the ADR reports monitoring and management and to promote the clinical safety of drugs. Methods：515 cases of ADR in the hospital from 2010-2017 were analyzed retrospectively in terms of general information, primary disease, route of administra- tion, dosage form, drug types, organs or system involved in ADR and clinical manifestations, etc. Results：In 515 ADR re- ports, the number of male was more than of female （3：2）. Patients aged 1-12 years old took up the greatest proportion （83.90%）. Intravenous injection-induced ADR was most common（48.62% ）. ADR mainly caused by anti-infective drugs （38.80%）, among which cephalosporin took up the greatest proportion （52.71%）. The serious ADR reports reached to 61 cases （11.84% ）. The injury of skin and its appurtenance was the most common ADR which occupied 339 cases （39.46%）. Conclusion：We should pay more attention to monitoring and management of ADR. Great importance should be attached to new serious ADR monitoring and reporting so as to meet clinical needs of medicine safety.

关 键 词：药品不良反应 儿童 安全用药 抗感染药 静脉注射 血液制品 

分 类 号：R951[医药卫生—药学]