铁路轨道不平顺波长及病害波形的定位方法  

Localization methods for track irregularity wavelengths and track diseases

作　　者：徐磊[1] 高建敏[1] 翟婉明[1] 陈宪麦[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第11期3061-3069,共9页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2013CB036205);中国铁路总公司科技研究计划项目(2014G001-G);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2682015CX045);牵引动力国家重点实验室自主研究项目(2014TPL_T01);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1234209;51478482);武汉铁路局科技发展计划资助项目(13G04;14G06)~~

摘　　要：应用时频分析和特征波形能量突变理论,开展轨道不平顺波长和轨道病害波形定位提取的研究。结合小波变换多分辨率分析和Wigner-Ville分布良好的时-频能量聚集性,提出基于小波-SPWVD的时-频能量波长定位提取方法,并与常规的尺度-小波能量谱方法进行对比分析。以时-频能量分析法为基础,基于轨道病害波形的统计特性,提出融合病害波形统计特征频率和频率影响系数的小波-SPWVD时-频能量病害提取算法,用于轨道病害特征波形的定位提取。研究结果表明:小波-SPWVD时-频能量分析方法和常规的尺度-小波能量谱方法在基本原理和定位提取性能上具有一致性与有效性,但时-频能量分析方法在时耗及特征波长信息含量上更具优势。用焊缝不平顺和凸台形不平顺的病害波形实例验证了时频能量分析方法的有效性。The theories of time-frequency analysis and energy mutation over characteristic waveforms were used to studythe positioning and extraction of track irregularity characteristic wavelengths and track diseases. Combining wavelettransform’s multi-resolution analytical characteristics and Wigner-Ville distribution’s high time-frequency energy-focusing performance, a wavelet-SPWVE time-frequency algorithm of locating and extracting track irregularitywavelength was proposed and compared with the conventional scale-wavelet energy spectrum analysis method. Based onthe method of time-frequency energy analysis, a wavelet-SPWVD time-frequency algorithm, which combines statisticalcharacteristic frequencies and their corresponding influence coefficients of track geometries, was proposed to locate thedetrimental waveforms. The results show that both the time-frequency energy analysis method and the conventionalscale-wavelet energy spectrum analysis method demonstrate consistency and efficiency at aspects of the basic principleand the functionality in locating the characteristic signals. However, the time-frequency energy analysis method holdssignificant advantages in time-consuming and quantity of information. The effectiveness of the method is verified byexamples of track diseases, i.e., the weld-type and convex-type profile.

关 键 词：轨道不平顺 小波变换 WIGNER-VILLE分布 特征波长 轨道病害 

分 类 号：U213.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]