带式夹持输送对虾开背机的设计与试验  

Design and experiment of shrimp backside cutting machine formed by belt clamping and conveying

作　　者：张秀花[1] 王利光[1] 弋景刚[1] 王泽河[1] 王颉[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学机电工程学院,保定071001 [2]河北农业大学食品科技学院,保定071001

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2017年第20期284-291,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201205031);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(ZD2016111);河北农业大学理工基金(LG201501)

摘　　要：为适应不同尺寸对虾开背以及寻找开背的优化参数,设计带式夹持输送对虾开背机,并对该方案的夹持与输送机构、夹持V角调节机构、限深与导正部分进行了详细设计。在单因素试验的基础上,以响应面优化法安排三因素三水平的正交试验,探求了夹持V角、输送速度、切割转速3个关键参数对切口长度、切口对称度、切口深度、切口光滑度4个评价指标的影响规律,利用Design-Expert8.06软件对试验结果进行方差分析,建立了评价指标与各影响因素的数学回归模型,并进行响应面分析,得到带式对虾开背机的最佳工艺参数组合为:夹持V角33°,输送速度285 mm/s,切割转速1 250 r/min。选取去头预处理、腹部六节完整的对虾在带式对虾开背机上以最佳参数组合进行试验验证,试验结果为:切口长度成功率92.5%,切口对称度成功率90.83%,切口深度成功率90.0%,切口光滑度成功率93.3%,与预测值误差绝对值均小于5%。验证试验结果表明带式对虾开背机性能可靠稳定,各项指标均满足要求。Shrimp backside cutting is an important pretreatment process of shrimp's mechanized peeling, which directly affects the realization of mechanical shelling. Aiming at the current situation of immature development of shrimp cutting and the shortage of backside cutting device in China,it is urgent to develop the shrimp cutting machine which is suitable for Penaeus vannamei and adapted to each level shrimp with different shape parameters. Furthermore, to develop a practical and reliable shrimp cutting equipment is of great significance to promote shrimp's mechanized processing. In this paper, a shrimp backside cutting machine formed by belt clamping and conveying has been designed and manufactured. This machine consisted of four main sections: the clamping and conveying mechanism, the adjusting mechanism of clamping angle-V, the fine-tuning mechanism of blade height, and the depth limiting and guiding parts. The basic requirement for clamping and conveying mechanism was to achieve continuous and stable gripping of the shrimp and to ensure the correct posture when getting on the shrimp's backside cutting and reduce the clamped body damage of shrimp. The clamping and conveying mechanism consisted of two sets of independent belt conveyor mechanism. The inner side of the belt was arranged in rows of tensioning wheels which led the conveyor belt, and the entire conveyor belt was driven by a stepper motor with a timing pulley with transmission ratio. The clamping angle V adjustment motion was accomplished by the angle adjustment and the gap compensation. The angle adjustment electric push rod drives the slider to slide up and down soon afterwards the bending rocker arm begins rotating, and the action produced torque to drive the belt base turn a certain angle, and then to achieve the adjustment action of the clamping V angle which formed by the two symmetrical belt. The gap compensation electric push rod drove the base pin to move left and right and then adjust the gap between the two symmetrical belts drive mechanism, and

关 键 词：机械化 设计 优化 对虾 对虾开背机 带式夹持输送 

分 类 号：S985.21[农业科学—捕捞与储运] TS254.3[农业科学—水产科学]