非流畅性对定向遗忘元认知判断的影响  

The Disfluency Influence on the Metacognitive Judgments of Directed Forgetting

作　　者：陈功香[1] 常明钰 李开云 宋素涛 

机构地区：[1]济南大学教育与心理科学学院,济南250022

出　　处：《心理学探新》2017年第6期519-524,共6页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(13YJA190002)

摘　　要：目的:研究拟探讨知觉改变引起的难度和材料意义引起的真实难度导致的非流畅体验对元认知判断的影响;同时对比记住判断和遗忘判断的不同。方法:引入定向遗忘程序,让被试在"记住"条件下作学习判断,在"忘记"条件下作遗忘判断,考察两种不同难度对人们有意遗忘和识记能力的影响。结果:两种材料难度对预测判断和学习成绩有不同的影响,而且两个实验均表明学习判断值显著高于遗忘判断值。结论:知觉属性导致的表面难度引起的非流畅性不同于材料的真实难度引起的非流畅性体验,由真实难度引发的加工可能促使记忆更加深刻,同时,记住判断的准确性高于遗忘判断。The current study was aimed to explore the influence on the metacognitive judgments caused by two kinds of material difficulty（surface difficulty vs.real difficulty）.Previous studies had found that people＇s judgment about remembering（JOL,judgment of learning） is different from the judgment for the forgetting（JOF,judgment of forgetting）,so we also want to contrast the JOLs and JOFs in this research.We adopted the directed forgetting process paradigm,in which we let the participants make JOLs in the R condition and JOF in the F condition to compare the differences of these two conditions.The results showed that the two kinds of materials have different influences on the judgment and performance,in which in the both two experiments,JOLs was significantly higher than JOFs,and the accuracy of JOLs is higher than the accuracy of JOFs.These results demonstrated that the surface difficulty caused by external perception attribute is different from the real material difficulty,and the disfluency triggered by real difficulty processing could lead to more profound memory.Besides,the accuracy of remembering condition was higher than that in the forgetting condition.

关 键 词：流畅性 非流畅性 学习判断 定向遗忘判断 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]