兵团六师老年人不同居住方式抑郁状况调查  

Investigation on depression status of aged people in the sixth division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps

作　　者：马新莲 李卫东[1] 王彩丽[1] 杨晓春[1] 王玲花[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团第六师十三户医院,乌鲁木齐831401 [2]山西省太原市精神病医院,山西太原030045

出　　处：《新疆医学》2017年第10期1158-1160,共3页Xinjiang Medical Journal

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团第六师2017年师市科技计划项目(1751)

摘　　要：目的对不同居住方式老年人抑郁状况进行调查。方法 2016年5月-9月对新疆生产建设兵团第六师下属的15个农牧团场、工矿企业2902名65岁以上老年人采用老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)进行横断面调查。将居住方式分为四种,分别为独居、与配偶一起、与子女一起以及在养老院。结果按老年抑郁量表抑郁程度评分由高到低排序依次为养老院(8.12±2.42)、独居(4.97±3.47)、与子女一起(4.73±3.18)、与配偶一起(3.61±2.95),差异具有统计学意义(F=44.294,P=0.000)。经两两比较:独居vs与配偶一起、独居vs与养老院、与配偶一起vs与子女一起、与配偶一起vs养老院、与子女一起vs养老院比较;其差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论和配偶一起生活的老年人有利于心理健康,而生活在养老院,其抑郁程度则相对较高。提示我们应该尊重老年人的意愿,为其选择适合的养老方式,减少抑郁状况的发生。Objective To investigate the depression status of aged people with different living styles. Methods 2902 seniors over65 years-old was recruited from 15 construction farms and mining enterprises in the sixth division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps from May to Sepetember of 2016, conducted a cross-sectional study to the sample by using the Geriatric Depression Scale（GDS-15）. All samples was distributed into 4 groups, group who lived alone, group who lived with spouse, group who lived with children,and group who lived in nursing home. Results GDS score for group who lived alone was 4.97 ±3.47. For group who lived with spouse,GDS score was 3.61±2.95, and it was 4.73±3.18 for group who lived with children, and then it was 8.12±2.42 for group who lived in nursing home. The order for the GDS score from high to low was group who lived nursing home, group who lived alone, group who lived with children, and group who lived with spouse, The difference was statistically significant（F=44.294,P=0.000）. With paired comparison method, there was significant differences between nuring home group and living alone group; There were significant differences between group of living alone and group of living with spouse. There were significant differences between four groups. Conclusion Different living styles have significant impacts on elderly＇s mental health. It is beneficial for elderly＇s mental health if they lived with their spouse.Meanwhile, for people who was living in nursing home, their depression status are relatively severe. This may suggest that we should respect the elderly＇s psychological needs, choose the proper living arrangement, so that they can effectively reduce the risk of being depressed.

关 键 词：老年人 心理健康 居住方式 抑郁 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]