人口集聚、绿化水平与环境污染——基于城市数据的空间异质性分析  

Population Agglomeration, Greening Level and Environmental Pollution: An Analysis of Spatial Heterogeneity Based on Urban Data

作　　者：陶长琪[1] 彭永樟 

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学统计学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《江西财经大学学报》2017年第6期21-31,共11页Journal of Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"环境约束下要素集聚促进区域产业结构升级的机制研究--基于区域创新能力差异化视角"(71273122);国家自然科学基金项目"基于知识溢出的区域技术创新驱动与产业结构优化升级耦联机制研究"(71473109);国家自然科学基金项目"环境约束下区域技术创新效率的空间特征溢出效应及影响机制研究"(41461025);江西省研究生创新专项资金项目"环境约束下区域技术创新效率的空间特征与溢出效应研究"(YC2016-B058)

摘　　要：基于包含人口集聚、绿色水平与环境污染的理论框架,构建逆球面距离与面积加权的空间权重矩阵,采用空间杜宾模型与空间动态面板模型实证检验了城市人口集聚、绿化水平对环境污染的影响,并运用时空地理加权模型分析了环境质量及其影响因素的空间异质性。结果表明:人口集聚会加剧污染排放,且其影响呈现正"N"型环境库兹涅茨曲线形式;绿化水平提升能减缓环境污染,每单位绿化水平的提升还能通过交互效应减少0.204个单位由人口空间集聚带来的排污;它们对环境污染的溢出效应随着地理距离的增大而减弱,随城市面积的增大而增强;重点环保城市能更有效规避人口集聚带来的污染,发挥绿化的治污作用并促进人口空间集聚与绿化水平的交互作用,非重点环保城市则恰好相反。Based on the theoretical framework containing population agglomeration, greening level and environmental pollution, this paper constructs a spatial weight matrix of the combination of the inverse spherical distance and the area weighting and adopts the spatial Durbin model（SDM） and the spatial dynamic model of panel data（SDPD） to empirically examine the impacts of urban population agglomeration and greening level on environmental pollution. Then it employs the Geographically Temporally Weighted Regression（GTWR） to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of the environmental quality and its influencing factors. The findings show that： the population gathering would increase pollution emission, and its impact presents the form of the positive N type environmental Kuznets curve; the greening level can reduce the level of environmental pollution, the increased greening level per unit can reduce pollution by 0.204 unit which is caused by population space agglomeration through the interaction effect; their spillover effect on environmental pollution will be gradually decreased with the increase of geographical distance and strengthened with the increase of the urban area of the city; the cities with better environmental protection policies are more effective in avoiding the pollution caused by the agglomeration of population, the pollution treatment role of greening can be more fully played and the interaction between population spatial concentration and greening level can be promoted, while the cities without better environmental policies are just the opposite.

关 键 词：人口集聚 绿化水平 环境污染 空间异质性 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]