2016—2017年邵阳市中小学生生长发育与营养状况  

Growth and nutritional status among primary and middle school students in Shaoyang City from 2016-2017

作　　者：伍桃英 欧阳林[4] 周晓洁 吴菲菲 赵良忠 蒋华 彭坤 罗泽睿 李一青 谢乐 李海涛 

机构地区：[1]邵阳学院食品与化学工程学院,湖南邵阳422000 [2]湖南省果蔬清洁加工工程技术研究中心,湖南邵阳422000 [3]豆制品加工技术湖南省应用基础研究基地,湖南邵阳422000 [4]邵阳学院附属医院普外科,湖南邵阳422000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第22期3126-3129,3133,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：湖南省科技厅项目(2015GK2065);湖南省教育厅项目([2016]276号-75;[2016]400号-655);邵阳学院教改项目(2016JG28)

摘　　要：目的了解邵阳市中小学生生长发育和营养状况,为制订学生营养改善与干预政策提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法,于2016—2017年在邵阳市抽取了2 126名中小学生进行身高、体重测量,计算体质指数(BMI),结合"学龄儿童青少年营养不良筛查"标准和"中国儿童营养状况的BMI标准"进行营养评价。结果邵阳市6~15岁中小学生男生的平均身高和体重均大于同年龄段的女生,但均低于全国平均水平;男生、女生生长迟缓检出率分别为2.85%、3.43%;该市中小学生BMI等级评价,其中消瘦、正常、超重和肥胖的比例分别为5.29%、86.78%、5.24%、2.69%,全血中钙、铁、锌缺乏的比例分别为8.31%、9.57%、4.26%。结论邵阳市中小学生生长迟缓检出率较高,营养不良和超重肥胖同时存在,钙铁锌的缺乏率较高,应关注中小学生的营养与健康,加强营养健康教育和干预,改善邵阳市中小学生的营养状况、促进人体健康生长。[Objective] To understand the growth and nutritional status of primary and middle school students in Shaoyang City,provide evidence for formulating nutrition improvement and intervention policies for students.[Methods]A total of 2 126 primary and middle school students were selected from Shaoyang City during 2016-2017 by stratified cluster random sampling method to measure their heights and weights. Body mass index（BMI）was calculated and nutritional evaluation was conducted based on the criteria of the malnutrition screening for school-age children and adolescents and the BMI standard of nutritional status of children in China. [Results]The average height and weight of male students aged 6 to 15 years old in Shaoyang City were higher than those of females in the same age group,but lower than the national average levels. The detection rate of growth retardation in boys and girls was 2.85% and 3.43%,respectively. In BMI evaluation among primary and middle school students,the proportion of lean,normal,overweight and obese students was respectively 5.29%,86.78%,5.24% and 2.69% and the proportion of calcium deficiency, zinc deficiency and iron deficiency in whole blood was respectively 8.31 %, 9.57 % and 4.26 %.[Conclusion]The detection rate of growth retardation is relatively high among primary and middle school students in Shaoyang City,while malnutrition and overweight/obesity have coexisted,and the rate of iron deficiency is relatively high. It is necessary to pay more attention to school-aged children＇s nutrition and health,strengthen nutrition health education and intervention improve the nutritional status of primary and middle school students in Shaoyang City,and promote healthy growth.

关 键 词：中小学生 生长发育 营养状况 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]