不同月龄新疆褐牛阉牛生长发育规律的研究  

Regulation of Growth and Development of Different Month Aged Xinjiang Brown Cattle Steers

作　　者：闫向民[1] 谢鹏贵[2] 李红波[1] 李娜[1] 袁理星[1] 崔繁荣 叶志斌 张金山[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆畜牧科学院畜牧研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830057 [2]伊犁职业技术学院,新疆伊犁835200

出　　处：《中国牛业科学》2017年第5期1-10,共10页China Cattle Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(nycytx-38);自治区重点研发计划项目<新疆褐牛健康养殖技术集成与产业化示范(2017B01001-1-01)>

摘　　要：[目的]不同月龄新疆褐牛阉牛生产高档牛肉过程中生长发育的变化规律[方法]选择发育正常、健康无病、不同月龄的新疆褐牛阉牛40头,68月龄25头为低月龄组,1012月龄15头为高月龄组,在相同营养、饲养条件下进行为期22个月的高档牛肉生产育肥试验,测定分析体高、体斜长、胸围等体尺、体重指标,并进行分析[结果]表明:高月龄组不同育肥阶段体尺、体重均大于低月龄组,低月龄组总增长量明显高于高月龄组,且胸围最快为52.88±7.44cm、64.79±11.65cm,管围最慢为4.29±1.08cm、5.13±0.77cm。低月龄组体高、十字部高、体斜长、尻长、胸围、管围、胸深、胸宽、腰角宽、髋宽、坐骨宽、体重总增长量较高月龄组提高了12.29cm、13.33cm、10.59cm、5.98cm,11.91cm、0.84cm、6.44cm、2.04cm、7.05cm、6.48cm、5.85cm、67.12kg,除体斜长、体重差异显著(P<0.05)、胸宽差异不显著外(P>0.05),其余指标差异均达到了极显著水平(P<0.01)。累计生长曲线在育肥第12个月之前呈现快速增长随后生长速度趋于平缓,相对生长发育曲线表现出明显的起伏波动性,总体呈现下降的生长趋势,体尺指数分析变化表明了高月龄组胸部、低月龄组后躯尻部和髋部生长较快[结论]不同月龄的新疆褐牛阉牛表现出了以高月龄组胸部、低月龄组后躯尻部和髋部为主的生长发育优势特点。[Objective] This study aimed to understand the change law of the growth and development pattern of different month old Xinjiang brown cattle steers in the process of high-grade beef production. [Method] A total of 40 head healthy and normal development of different ages of Xinjiang brown cattle steers were selected and divided into two group for a high grade beef fattening experiment, including the low age group which were 6-8 month old （n=25）and the high status group which were 10-12 month old （n= 15）, which lasted 22 month under the same nutrition and feeding condition. Then their body size measurements were determined and analyzed, such as body height, body length, chest girt and body weight measurements ,and the body size index were computed and analyzed. [Result] The results showed that the individuals in high status group in different growth phase were higher than those in low age groups in body size and body weight , but the total growth of low age group was significantly higher than that of high status group, and the highest chest height was 52.88±7.44 cm, 64.79±11.65 cm respectively, as well as the minimum cannon circumference were 4.29±1.08 cm, 5. 134-0.77 cm respectively. Comparing with the individuals in high status group, The total growth increase of low age group on body height, body length, high cross, rump length, chest circumference, chest depth and width, waist width and hip width, hueklebone and wide body weight were 12.29 cm, 13.33 cm, 10.59 cm, 5.98 cm, 11.91 cm, 0.84 cm, 6. 44 cm, 2.04 cm, 7.05 cm, 6.48 cm, 5.85cm, 67.12 kg, respectively. In addition, there were significant difference in body length and body weight index between these two group （P〈0.05）, while there was no significant difference in chest width index （P〉0.05）. Importantly, the relationship between goups and other index all reached very significant level （P〈0.01）. From the cumulative growth curve, it showed rapid growth and growth rate were slow before twelfth months of fattening, while the relativ

关 键 词：新疆褐牛 阉牛 体尺 体重 相关系数 

分 类 号：S823.2[农业科学—畜牧学]