谈“牡牝”之造字原理  

The Principle of Mupin Characters Formation

作　　者：高新凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院国际学院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《湖州师范学院学报》2017年第11期68-73,共6页Journal of Huzhou University

基　　金：国家社科重点基金项目"世界记忆遗产"东巴文字研究体系数字化国际共享平台建设研究(项目编号:12AZD119);国家社会科学基金项目"汉字与南方民族古文字关系研究"(项目编号:10BYY049);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"中华民族早期文字资料库与<中华民族早期文字同义对照字典>"(项目编号:11JJD740015)

摘　　要：关于"牡牝"类字的造字原理一直颇有争议,有形声、会意、合文等说法。文章通过《说文》保留的"麀"及文献中表动物雄雌专名的形声字推断"牡牝"类字乃是会意字,并由"芈""牟"和东巴文等确认它们是专名而非异体字。"土、匕"是字中的偏旁,是生殖符号的象征但不具备独自表"雄、雌"的语义,"牡牝"绝非合文。"土"本是"社"字的假借,取象于祭社的"社主"象征物——木、石,乃是男根的象征。There is always an argument among phonogram,associative and co-character about the principle of mupin(牡 牝)characters formation.This article proves they are associative compounds through the character you(麀)inshuowenand phonograms which express the male and female retained in ancient classics.They are proved proper nouns not variant characters through characters mi(芈)and mou(牟)and dongba characters.They are not co-wen either because the components tu(土)and bi(匕)do not express the meaning of male and female independently.The tu(土)is phonetic loan character of社,it comes from the image of sacrificial wood and stone,and it is a Symbol of penis.

关 键 词：牡牝 会意 形声 合文 土 

分 类 号：H12[语言文字—汉语]