新乡县中小学教室卫生对学生健康影响  

The health influence factors of classroom design on children health in Xinxiang county

作　　者：王宽[1] 郝鹏飞[1] 邵奇慧 任静朝[2] 张光辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]新乡市疾病预防控制中心,河南新乡453003 [2]新乡医学院公共卫生学院

出　　处：《河南预防医学杂志》2017年第12期893-896,共4页Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省博士后科研资助(2015012)

摘　　要：目的调查新乡县中小学教室卫生状况,分析影响中小学学生近视的主要因素,为防治工作提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法对新乡县60间教室依据《中小学校建筑设计规范》(GB99-86)、《中小学教室采光和照明卫生标准》(GB7793-87)和《学校课桌椅功能尺寸》(GB/T3976-2002),进行评价。对教室中3 458名学生进行近视筛查。结果调查的新乡县3 458名中小学学生体检结果显示近视583人,阳性率16.9%,其中1 643名中学生近视的阳性率26.0%(近视427人)高于小学生8.6%(近视/总数:156/1 815人),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。Logistics回归分析发现窗地比((Exp(β)(95%CI)),0.05(0.01~0.23),P<0.05)、教室前排课桌前缘与黑板距离((Exp(β)(95%CI)),0.48(0.33~0.68),P<0.05)、黑板下缘与讲台地面的垂直距离((Exp(β)(95%CI)),0.05(0.02~0.15),P<0.05)为学生患视力不良的保护因素,灯具距课桌面的最低悬挂高度((Exp(β)(95%CI)),3.85(2.19~6.79),P<0.05)是学生患近视的有害影响因素。结论新乡县教室环境卫生总体状况良好,但中小学生近视的预防是需要进一步重视的问题。objective To investigate the effect of classrooms on student myopia and its influencing factors, and providing basic information for the education and school health supervision departments to provide theoretical support. Methods60 classrooms from 10 schools in five towns Xinxiang County was sampled randomly, and 3 458 students in classrooms were made a health status survey, including myopia. The school classroom was detected, including classroom space,classroom desks in front of the leading edge of the distance to the blackboard, desks after the back of the classroom and away from the edge of the board, if there are two different types of desks and chairs, blackboards material in the classroom, blackboard position lamp and the minimum lighting distance desktop hanging height class, the actual classroom windows translucent area. Results The results showed that the positive rate of myopia（myopia/total： 583/3458 children） was 16.9 %, and the middle school（myopia/total： 427/1 643, positive rate 26.0 %） was higher than primary school（myopia/total： 156/1 815, positive rate 8.6 %）. Logistics regression analysis revealed that the glass and ground ratio（（Exp（β）（95 % CI））,0.05（0.01 ~0.23）, P0.05）, with the leading edge of the classroom blackboard front desk distance（（Exp（β）（95 % CI））, 0.48（0.33~0.68）, P0.05）, the vertical distance under the edge of the podium blackboard ground（（Exp（β）（95 % CI））, 0.05（0.02~0.15）,P0.05） were the protection factors of students myopia, but the the lowest class desktop lamps hanging height（（Exp（β）（95 % CI））, 3.85（2.19~6.79）,P0.05） was harmful effects to student＇s myopia. Conclusions The environment and overall health of Xinxiang County classroom was in well condition,but the myopia prevention is a problem requiring further attention.

关 键 词：教室卫生 近视 影响因素 

分 类 号：G478.1[文化科学—教育学]