当代中国政府回应性的逻辑:基于历史与现实的分析  

Logics of the Government Responsiveness in Contemporary China: An Analysis based on History and Reality

作　　者：王军洋 胡洁人[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学政治学与公共管理学院 [2]同济大学法学院

出　　处：《社会科学》2017年第12期30-39,共10页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"社会治安管理体制的运作机制及其演进逻辑研究"(项目编号:17CZZ018)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：西方政治理论认为,政府的回应性源自于普选式的民主,赢得选票的压力促使政府致力于回应至少是平衡不同群体间的各种诉求,循此逻辑,选举效能不足的体制并不具有回应公民意见的充足动力。然而,来自中国的政治经验表明,在非西方的体制下,政府在发展经济和回应民众诉求方面也可以有很强的动力,甚至回应的效率并不逊色于西方政治体制。此种看似吊诡的政治现象客观上存在着深刻的政治与社会根源,分析发现,改革开放后四个方面的政治变化促成了非西方体制下的政府回应性,即意识形态的世俗化转向、执政党执政基础的扩大、地方官员绩效考核体制的变化以及层级制带来的圈层治理结构。虽然上述政治性变化促成了政府的回应性,保证了中国特色政治体制的弹性与活力,但也存在明显的效用边界。According to the modern political theory, government responsiveness is one of the results of the democratic system. In order to win the election, government has to respond to, or at least balance people＇s diversified demands. Although authoritarian governments don＇t have the motivation and willingness to please their citizen, the China＇s evidence indicates that the au- thoritarian government without essential election can also have strong motivation to respond to people＇s demands efficiently, even at the cost of harsh punishment over its own officials. This paper attempts to explore the sources of government responsiveness in the Chinese political con- text and attributes the reason of responsiveness to four changes of the system., secularization of party--state＇s ideology, the expansion of political foundation, local officials＇ performance ap- praisal system and the hierarchy system. These four changes have been contributed to the party＇ responsiveness as well as its resilience, but they still have some obvious limitations in the efficient responsiveness.

关 键 词：回应性 合法性 执政基础 绩效考核 圈层治理结构 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]