短暂性脑缺血发作患者病变血管分布及特征  

Distribution and characteristics of lesion blood vessels in patients with transient ischemic attack

作　　者：高冬艳[1] 于占明 王力民 

机构地区：[1]北京市平谷区医院,北京101200

出　　处：《中国循证心血管医学杂志》2017年第10期1258-1260,共3页Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Cardiovascular Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者的病变血管分布及特征。方法选取2011年1月~2015年12月间于北京市平谷区医院住院的TIA患者102例,其中男性49例,女性53例;年龄20~81岁,平均年龄(59.7±6.3)岁。依据年龄分为青年组(18~45岁,26例)和中年组(46~60岁,25例)、老年组(>60岁,51例)。数字减影血管造影分析患者颅内外动脉血管狭窄及分布特征。结果本研究102例TIA患者中,血管造影检查结果显示阳性90例,占总人数的88.2%(90/102)。颅内外动脉血管狭窄或闭塞146处,其中颅内动脉血管狭窄82处,占56.2%(82/146),包括轻度狭窄14处,中度狭窄22处,重度狭窄29处,闭塞17处;颅外动脉血管狭窄64处,占43.8%(64/146),包括轻度狭窄18处,中度狭窄11处,重度狭窄25处,闭塞10处。颅内动脉血管狭窄以大脑中动脉最常见,颅外动脉血管狭窄以颈内动脉颅外段最常见。动脉血管狭窄患者90例,其中颅内动脉血管狭窄41例,占总人数的40.2%;颅外动脉血管狭窄9例,占8.8%;颅内外均有狭窄40例,占39.2%。青年组颅内动脉血管狭窄率明显高于老年组(65.4%vs.25.5%),颅外动脉血管狭窄率明显低于老年组(3.8%vs.11.8%),差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。与青年组比较,中年组和老年组颅内外动脉均狭窄的比例明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。相关分析显示,TIA患者年龄与颅内动脉狭窄程度之间呈负相关关系(r=-0.712,P<0.05),与颅外动脉狭窄程度之间呈正相关关系(r=0.647,P<0.05)。结论短暂性脑缺血发作患者多数存在颅内外动脉狭窄,患者颅内动脉狭窄比例较颅外高,且狭窄程度与年龄存在一定关联。Objective To discuss the distribution and characteristics of lesion blood vessels in patients with transient ischemic attack（TIA）. Methods TIA patients（n=102, male 49, female 53, aged from 20 to 81 and average age=59.7±6.3） were chosen from the Beijing Pinggu Hospital from Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2015. All patients were divided, according to age, into young group（aged from 18 to 45, n=26）, middle-aged group（aged from 46 to 60, n=25） and elderly group（aged60, n=51）. The characteristics of intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis and distribution were analyzed by using digital subtraction angiography（DSA）. Results Among 102 TIA patients, there were 90（88.2%, 90/102） with positive results of DSA. There were 146 intracranial and extracranial artery stenoses or occlusion, among them 82（56.2%, 82/146） intracranial artery stenoses, including 14 mild stenoses, 22 medium stenoses, 29 severe stenoses and 17 occlusion. There were 64（43.8%, 64/146） extracranial artery stenoses, including 18 mild stenoses, 11 medium stenoses, 25 severe stenoses and 10 occlusion. The stenosis of middle cerebral artery was the most common in intracranial artery stenosis, and stenosis of extracranial internal carotid artery was the most common in extracranial artery stenosis. There were 90 patient with artery stenosis, and 41（40.2%） with intracranial artery stenosis, 9（8.8%） with extracranial artery stenosis, and 40（39.2%） with intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis. The incidence rate of intracranial artery stenosis was significantly higher（65.4% vs. 25.5%） and that of extracranial artery stenosis was significantly lower（3.8% vs. 11.8%） in young group than that in elderly group（all P〈0.05）. The percentage of patients with intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis increased significantly in middle-aged group and elderly group compared with young group（all P〈0.05）. The correlation analysis showed that age was negatively correlated to severity of intracranial artery ste

关 键 词：年龄 脑缺血 颅内、外动脉狭窄 

分 类 号：R743.32[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]