不同氮效率小麦品种临界氮浓度模型与营养诊断研究  

Study of Critical Nitrogen Concentration Model and Nitrogen Nutrition Diagnosis in Winter Wheat with Different N Efficiency

作　　者：张娟娟 杜盼[1,3] 郭建彪 曹锐[1,3] 张捷 马新明[1,3,2] 

机构地区：[1]河南粮食作物协同创新中心,河南郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学信息与管理科学学院,河南郑州450002 [3]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2017年第11期1480-1488,共9页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：河南省现代农业(小麦)产业技术体系项目(S2016-01-G04);河南省重点科技攻关项目(152102110056);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300609);河南农业大学科技创新基金项目(KJCX2015A12)

摘　　要：为探讨不同氮效率小麦品种临界氮浓度模型的差异和开展小麦氮素营养诊断研究,基于两年大田试验,以不同氮效率小麦品种周麦27(高氮高效)、豫麦49-198(低氮高效)和矮抗58(低氮低效)为研究对象,系统分析了不同氮效率小麦品种地上部生物量、地上部氮含量和氮素营养指数的变化规律。结果表明,不同氮效率小麦品种地上部生物量和地上部氮含量均随施氮量的增加而增加,临界氮浓度(N_C)与地上部最大干物质(DM)均呈幂函数关系(N_C=aDM^(-b)),且氮高效型品种模型的两个参数(a和b)值均大于氮低效型品种。经检验,模型的标准化均方根误差分别为13.87%(周麦27)、7.7%(豫麦49-198)和13.02%(矮抗58),通过临界氮浓度模型所建立的氮素营养指数推荐的麦田施肥量均在120~225kg·hm^(-2)范围,其中周麦27和豫麦49-198的推荐施肥量分别为225和120kg·hm^(-2),矮抗58的推荐施肥量介于二者之间。To explore the difference of critical nitrogen concentration dilution model and take nitrogen nutrition diagnosis in winter wheat cultivars,in this study,three wheat cultivars with different nitrogen use efficiency(NUE),such as Zhoumai 27(high NUE under high nitrogen level),Yumai 49-198(high NUE under low nitrogen level)and Aikang 58(low NUE under low nitrogen level),were used as experimental materials during two growing seasons.The variation of the shoot biomass and nitrogen concentration and nitrogen nutrition index among different cultivars were analyzed.Results showed that the aboveground biomass and nitrogen concentration were increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate in winter wheat cultivars with different nitrogen efficiency.There was a power function relationship between the critical nitrogen concentration and the maximum shoot dry matter(N_C=aDM^(-b)).And the parameters(a and b)value of high NUE cultivars were higher than that of low NUE cultivar.The model validation showed that the model had a good accuracy with root meansquare error of standardization,13.87% for Zhoumai 27,7.7% for Yumai 49-198 and 13.02% for Aikang 58,respectively.The recommended fertilizer rate based on the nitrogen nutrition index was 120 kg·hm^(-2) for Yumai 49-198,225 kg·hm^(-2) for Zhoumai 27 and that in between 120 and 225 kg·hm^(-2) for Aikang 58.

关 键 词：冬小麦 临界氮浓度 氮素营养指数 氮效率 推荐施肥 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311