大衍之数非“五十”乃“五十有五”新证  

New Verification of the Number of Great Expansion: Fifty-five Rather Than Fifty

作　　者：任浩 姚春鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学政治与公共管理学院,山东日照276800

出　　处：《衡水学院学报》2017年第6期85-90,共6页Journal of Hengshui University

摘　　要：自陈久金等学者发现了彝族地区使用的一种叫十月历的历法后,大衍之数是"五十"还是"五十五"之谜才得以解决。十月历是彝族使用的一种历法,一个月三十六天,一年十个月,共三百六十天,剩余的五或六天作为过年日,不算在十个月内。《周易·系辞上》曰:"天一,地二,天三,地四,天五,地六,天七,地八,天九,地十。"这十个数即为十月历的十个月的月名,"天数五,地数五,天数二十有五,地数三十",天地之数相加和为五十五,即十个月的月序名相加和为五十五。"大衍之数"即是这种历法推演的始基数,故"大衍之数"为五十五,减去六天的过年日,余四十九,经过一系列的推演变化,得到"三百有六十",刚好为一年的天数(不含五或六天的过年日)。"大衍之数"即是"天地之数"。Since Chen Jiujin and other scholars found a Ten-month Solar Calendar used in Yi people, the number of the yarrow stalks used in the Great Expansion can be solved, and it should be fifty-five rather than fifty. According to the Ten-month Solar Calendar, it has ten months in a year, thirty six days in a month, and the total number is three hundred and sixty days, and the rest five or six days as the new year days does not be contained within the ten months. Thus in Xici of Zhouyi, it says： “The number for Heaven is one;that for Earth is two; that for Heaven is three; that for Earth is four; that for Heaven is five; that for Earth is six; that for Heaven is seven; that for Earth is eight; that for Heaven is nine; that for Earth is ten.” These ten numbers are the names of each month in the Ten-month Solar Calendar. “The numbers for Heaven and the numbers for Earth correspond with and complement one another. The numbers of Heaven are twenty-five; the numbers of Earth are thirty”, the numbers of both Heaven and Earth are fifty-five, which is the names for ten-month added together. The number of Great Expansion is the beginning base which deduces the Ten-month Solar Calendar. The fifty-five minus six （the New Year days） was forty-nine, which can be “three hundred and sixty” after a series of deduction. The number of Great Expansion is the number of Heaven and Earth.

关 键 词：大衍之数 天地之数 五十 五十五 十月太阳历 

分 类 号：B221[哲学宗教—中国哲学]