东北老工业区生态安全动态演变过程及驱动力  

Dynamic evolution and driving forces of ecological security in the Traditional Industrial Area of northeastern China

作　　者：唐呈瑞 逯承鹏[1,2] 杨青 姜璐[4] 任婉侠 薛冰 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所污染生态与环境工程重点实验室,沈阳110016 [2]辽宁省环境计算与可持续发展重点实验室,沈阳110016 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《生态学报》2017年第22期7474-7482,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41471116;71303230);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2016181);辽宁省自然科学基金(201602743;20170540898);辽宁省博士科研启动基金(201501037);四川省社会科学重点研究基地--四川循环经济研究中心项目(XHJJ-1505;XHJJ-1611)

摘　　要：生态安全与国防安全、经济安全、金融安全等已具有同等重要的战略地位,并成为未来经济社会安全的主要约束。东北老工业区作为我国重要的老工业基地及粮食生产基地,其生态安全状况关系着中国可持续发展战略的实施。采用能值-生态足迹模型,对东北老工业区2000—2014年生态安全动态演变过程进行时间序列的定量分析,并采用主成分分析方法分析其驱动力。结果表明:研究期内,人均能值生态承载力从0.66 hm2/人下降到0.64 hm2/人,人均能值生态足迹由10.58 hm^2/人增加到19.85 hm^2/人,处于生态赤字状态,且赤字增大趋势明显;生态压力指数与生态安全等级均不断增大,生态安全状况呈恶化趋势,生态安全问题亟待解决,而这是由社会经济、人口状况、资源环境、技术水平及土地利用程度等因素共同驱动的结果。最后,提出了改善东北老工业区生态安全状况的对策建议。Ecological security is as important as national, economic, and financial security and has become the main constraint of future socio-economic security. The Traditional Industrial Area of northeastern China is an important traditional industrial and grain production base of China, and its ecological security is related to the implementation of sustainable development strategies. Based on the emergy-ecological footprint model, the ecological security in Traditional Industrial Area of northeastern China was quantitatively evaluated from 2000 to 2014, followed by a scenario analysis on the driving forces of the ecological security using a principal component analysis method. The results showed that, the value of emergy ecological-capacity per capita decreased from 0.66 to 0.64 hm2/cap, whereas the emergy-ecological footprint increased from 10.58 to 19.85 hm2/cap, which indicated that an ecological deficit existed in the Traditional Industrial Area of northeastern China. The ecological pressure in this area increased, showing an unsustainable development trend from 2000 to 2014. The ecological pressure index and ecological security levels gradually increasing, ecological security situation is deteriorating, ecological security issues to be urgent resolved. The ecological stress tended to be serious as a result of a combination of several factors, such as social, economic, population, resource, environmental, technological level, and land use degree. Finally, effective management strategies and suggestions to improve the ecological security of the Traditional Industrial Area of northeastern China were proposed.

关 键 词：生态安全 能值一生态足迹模型 演变过程 驱动因子 东北老工业区 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]