果穗率对改善玉米青贮饲料发酵品质和营养价值的作用  

Improvement of Fermentation Quality and Nutrient Value of Whole Crop Silage by Increasing Maize Ear Rate

作　　者：张文芝 李平 纪树仁 侯琛 曹冲[1] 沈益新[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2017年第6期84-89,共6页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD12B10);江苏省农业三新工程项目(SXGC[2014]308)资助

摘　　要：为明确玉米果穗率在提高青贮饲料发酵品质和营养价值中的作用,以云南和江苏的15个玉米品种(系)为材料,采用完全随机区组设计进行了2年田间试验。结果表明,供试品种(系)在长江下游地区生长良好,生物产量23.1~40.4t/hm^2,果穗率0.42~0.59。成熟期收获青贮,果穗率与青贮饲料pH值呈极显著负相关(r=-0.407**);与青贮饲料乳酸含量和氨态氮/总氮分别呈极显著正相关(r=0.754**)和负相关(r=-0.606**)。果穗率与青贮饲料的水溶性碳水化合物含量呈极显著正相关(r=0.694**),与青贮饲料粗蛋白含量呈极显著正相关(r=0.450**),与青贮饲料可消化干物质量呈极显著正相关(r=0.718**)。高果穗率对青贮饲料发酵品质和营养价值均有显著改善作用,生产上应将提高果穗率作为改善玉米青贮饲料品质的重要措施。In order to assess the effect of ear rate on fermentation quality and nutritional value,15 maize varieties （lines）from Yunnan and Jiangsu province were used in the field experiment and silage making.The field experiment was conducted with completely randomized block and in growth season of 2013 and 2014.The results showed that the tested varieties （lines）all grew well in the lower Yangtze Riv-er region.Biomass varied from 23.1 to 40.4 t/hm2 and ear rate was 0.42~0.59 among the varieties （lines）. Ear rate had significantly negative correlation with pH value（r=-0.407 ＊＊ ）and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen （r=-0.606 ＊＊ ）,and had significantly positive correlation with lactic acid content （r=0.754 ＊＊ ） of the silage.It had significantly positive correlation with water soluble carbohydrate content （r =0.694 ＊＊ ）,crude protein content（r=0.450 ＊＊ ）and in vitro dry matter digestibility （r=0.718 ＊＊ ）of silage. The results suggested that high ear rate could significantly improve the fermentation quality and nutrition-al value of whole crop silage of maize.Ear rate should be an important trait to improve the quality of maize silage.

关 键 词：玉米 果穗率 营养价值 发酵品质 青贮饲料 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]