信号控制交叉口交通流建模与通行能力分析  

Traffic Flow Modeling and Capacity Analysis of Signalized Intersection

作　　者：李素兰[1,2] 张谢东 施俊庆[3] 张莉[4] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学交通学院,湖北武汉430063 [2]武汉市桥梁维修管理处,湖北武汉430015 [3]浙江师范大学工学院,浙江金华321004 [4]武汉市交通科学研究所,湖北武汉430015

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2017年第12期108-114,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ15E080005;LY18E080021);湖北省交通运输厅科技项目(2014-721-3-13);金华市科学技术研究计划项目(2015-3-027)

摘　　要：交叉口通行能力往往是城市路网承载能力的瓶颈。在考虑信号控制交叉口车流冲突的基础上,研究了信号控制交叉口的车辆优先权规则和信号周期内不同时刻的车辆更新规则,构建了一个平面十字信号控制交叉口元胞自动机模型,用于交叉口通行能力的模拟与分析,并以武汉市某交叉口为例,将模型仿真结果与停止线法计算结果进行了对比,验证了模型的有效性,利用该模型研究了交叉口转向比例对交叉口通行能力的影响。研究结果表明,交叉口流量随着车辆到达率的增加而增加,仿真结果与停止线法计算结果基本吻合,所建立的模型能够有效地模拟交叉口交通流运行,再现交通流的动态演化过程,当交叉口车道数和车道功能等道路条件确定时,转向比例和信号配时等交通条件对交叉口通行能力具有较大影响。当右转车转向比例不变时,交叉口通行能力随着左转车比例的增加先上升后下降,存在一个最佳的转向比例,使得交叉口通行能力达到最大。当右转车受信号控制时,交叉口通行能力随着右转车比例的增加先上升后下降,同样存在一个最佳的转向比例。当右转车不受信号控制时,交叉口通行能力随着右转车比例的增加而上升。当右转车比例高于某一固定值时,右转车不受信号控制能够显著提高交叉口通行能力,最高可达100%。Intersection capacity is usually the bottleneck of urban road network capacity. The vehicle priority rule at signalized intersection and the vehicle updating rule at different time in signal period are studied considering traffic conflict, and a cellular automaton model of signalized intersection is constructed to simulate and analyze the capacity of the signalized intersection. Taking an intersection in Wuhan as an example, the correctness of the model is verified by comparing the simulation result with the calculation result using the stop line method. After that, the influence of turning proportion on the capacity at the intersection is studied based on the proposed model. The result shows that （ 1 ） the traffic volume at the intersection increased with the increase of the vehicle arrival rate, the simulation result are in good agreement with the calculation result of the stop line method, showing that the proposed model can effectively simulate the movement of vehicles at the signalized intersection and reproduce the dynamic evolution process of the traffic flow ; （2） when the road conditions such as the number and the function of lanes are determined, the traffic conditions such as the turning proportion and the signal timing have a great influence on the capacity of the intersection ; （ 3 ） when the proportion of right-turning vehicles is constant, the intersection capacity increased at first and then decreased with the increase of the proportion of left-turning vehicles, there is an optimal proportion of the right-turning vehicle to maximize the intersection capacity; （4） when the right-turning vehicle is controlled by the signal, the intersection capacity increased at first and then decreased with the increase of the proportion of right-turning vehicles, and there is also an optimized proportion to maximize the capacity ; （5） when the right-turning vehicle is uncontrolled by the signal, the intersection capacity increased with the increase of the proportion of right-turning vehicles; �

关 键 词：交通工程 元胞自动机模型 仿真技术 信号控制交叉口 通行能力 

分 类 号：U491.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]