缢蛏苗水泥池中间培育试验  

The experiment of intermediate culture of razor clam Sinonovacula constricta in cement pond

作　　者：薛宝宝 李浩[1] 彭连法 李炼星 牛东红[1] 李家乐[1] 沈和定[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学省部共建水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]启东市渔业技术推广站,江苏南通226241

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2017年第6期836-843,共8页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(2012AA10A400-3);上海高校知识服务平台上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心(ZF1206)

摘　　要：为了缩短缢蛏中间培育周期,快速培育大规格商品苗种,试验稚贝放养的适宜规格和密度,2016年11月至2016年12月,在250 m^2的露天大型水泥池培育稚贝,并混养少量脊尾白虾。研究了不同泥土厚度(3cm、6 cm),养殖密度对大、小2种规格稚贝的壳长、壳高、体质量和存活率的影响。底泥厚度影响稚贝体形的生长,规格越大所需底泥厚度越厚,大规格稚贝在6.0 cm和3.0 cm的壳长分别为20.25±0.03 mm、18.58±0.06 mm(P<0.05)。大、小规格稚贝的存活率分别为81.83%±0.69%、65.74%±0.83%;养殖密度影响稚贝的生长速度,稚贝规格和养殖密度的综合效果显示,大规格稚贝(10万粒/kg、壳长0.890±0.024 cm)适宜的放养密度为1.0~1.5万粒/m^2;小规格稚贝(20万粒/kg、壳长0.488±0.035 cm)适宜的放养密度为3.0~5.0万粒/m^2。培育30 d后,14.4 kg大规格稚贝收获196.4 kg,96.6%达到1.5~2.0 cm商品苗种;8.8 kg小规格稚贝收获苗种144.6 kg,68.4%达到1.5~2.0 cm商品苗种。探究了稚贝在水泥池进行中间培育的可行性,缩短了中间培育周期,能为缢蛏的规模化、集约化养殖提供优质、健康的大规格苗种。In order to shorten the intermediate culture period of razor clam and to quicken the culture of large size products,the suitable specifications and densities of the spat are tested.In November to December 2016,in the 250 m^2 outdoor large cement pool to cultivate spat,and polyculture of small shrimp,two specifications spat（0.890±0.024 cm,0.488±0.035 cm） of razor clam S.constricta were cultured with different sediment thickness（3 cm,6 cm） and density.Regular measuring shell length,shell width,weight and survival rate of spat of razor clam under different conditions,sediment thickness affect the growth of spat in shape,specification,the greater required sediment thickness thicker.The results show that the survival rate of two kinds of specifications of razor clam respectively was 81.83%±0.69%,65.74%±0.83%;stocking density affected the growth speed of spat of razor clam;spat to specifications and the combined effect of rearing density showed that large spat（100,000 grains/kg,shell length 0.890±0.024 cm） appropriate stocking density of 10 000-15 000 grains/m^2;small spat（200,000 grains/kg,shell length 0.488±0.035 cm）,appropriate stocking density is 30 000-50 000 grains/m^2;foster after 30 days,14.4 kg large-size juveniles harvested 196.4 kg,96.6% reach（1.5-2.0 cm） commodity seed;8.8 kg small juveniles harvested seed 144.6 kg,68.4% reach（1.5-2.0 cm） commodity seed.In this paper,the feasibility of intermediate culture of spat of razor clam in cement pool is explored,shorter intermediate period,it can provid high quality and healthy large specifications spat of razor clam for large-scale and intensive aquaculture.

关 键 词：缢蛏 中间培育 养殖密度 底泥厚度 商品苗种 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]