中国贸易自由化的消费者福利分布效应  

The Consumer Welfare Distribution Effects of China's Trade Liberalization

作　　者：施炳展[1,2] 张夏[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院国际经济研究所 [2]南开大学跨国公司研究中心

出　　处：《经济学（季刊）》2017年第3期1421-1448,共28页China Economic Quarterly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(714031360;71773056)的资助

摘　　要：本文以消费品关税削减为例,从福利分布这一崭新视角讨论中国贸易自由化的经济效应。理论上,消费品关税削减会降低国内消费品价格、减少支出水平,提升居民工资、增加收入,即存在支出效应、收入效应;同时,由于各家庭消费结构不同、工资占总收入比重不同、关税削减传递程度不同,不同地区、不同家庭的福利变化存在差异性,即贸易自由化的福利分布效应。实证结论发现,关税削减平均提升家庭福利水平29.318%,支出效应、收入效应分别为11.831%和17.487%;且对低收入家庭的福利提升幅度超过了高收入家庭。简言之,贸易自由化不仅提升了消费者福利水平,而且促进了消费者间福利分布公平化。This paper focuses on welfare distribution effects of China＇s consumer products＇tariff decreasing.Tariff decreasing can lower the domestic price which leads to lower expenditure,and also increase labor wage,therefore tariff decreasing can affect welfare level by two channels：consumption expenditure and income level.Furthermore,as the family consumption structure and income composition are different,and tariff pass-through rate is not the same at the province level,different families in different provinces will have different welfare change,which leads to the welfare distribution effects of tariff decreasing.Our empirical work reaches the following conclusions：tariff decreasing increases China＇s welfare by29.318% on average,with 11.831% from consumption channel and 17.487% from income channel;and the effect is larger for low income families.Therefore,trade liberalization can increase and equalize welfare among all families.

关 键 词：贸易自由化 福利分布 支出与收入效应 

分 类 号：F713.55[经济管理—市场营销] F752.02[经济管理—产业经济]