昆明市学龄前儿童乳牙列错畸形患病率调查  

Prevalence of malocclusion in deciduous teeth among preschool children in Kunming

作　　者：黄春明 许艳华 黄桂月 

机构地区：[1]昆明侨联现代口腔,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《口腔疾病防治》2017年第12期794-797,共4页Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81260162)

摘　　要：目的了解昆明市学龄前儿童乳牙列错畸形患病率情况,分析学龄前儿童乳牙列错畸形与口腔不良习惯、遗传因素和乳牙患龋率之间的关系。方法随机抽取昆明市9所幼儿园共2 116名学龄前儿童进行调查。由经培训过的口腔医生对其进行口腔检查,了解昆明市学龄前儿童的错畸形患病率和龋病患病率。采用自制问卷进行调查,收集被检儿童的口腔不良习惯和遗传因素的情况,分析错畸形与口腔不良习惯、遗传因素和乳牙患龋率之间的关系。结果受检的2 116名学龄前儿童中,错畸形患病率为71.64%,患龋率为63.50%。不良习惯和遗传因素是错畸形发生的危险因素,受检儿童有或没有龋病,错畸形的患病率差异没有统计学意义。结论昆明市学龄前儿童乳牙列错畸形患病率偏高。Objective To investigate the prevalence of malocclusion in primary dentition among preschool children in Kunming. To analysze the relationship between malocclusion and oral bad habits, genetic factors and the caries prevalence in preschool children. Methods According to economic conditions and distribution area of Kunming school, a total of 2 116 preschool children from nine kindergarten in Kunming city were surveyed. Oral examniation of2 116 preschool children were conducted by trained dentists to investigate the prevalence of malocclusion and the prevalence of dental caries in Kunming. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the oral habits and genetic factors of the children in the study and to analyze the correlation between malocclusion and oral bad habits, genetic factors and caries rate of deciduous teeth. Results Among the 2 116 preschool children examined, 1 516 were malocclusion,the prevalence of malocclusion was 71.64%, and the rate of dental caries was 63.50%. Bad habits and genetic factors were the risk factors of malocclusion, and there was no statistical difference in the prevalence of malocclusion between the tested children and those with or without caries. Conclusion The prevalence of malocclusion in the preschool children in Kunming city is high. The dentist is required to do the work of preventing bad habits. Parents need to improve the awareness of oral health care, together to do the early diagnosis of malocclusion, early diagnosis, early treatment.

关 键 词：错畸形 乳牙列 患病率 问卷调查 口腔不良习惯 

分 类 号：R783.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]