渔用纳米蒙脱土改性聚乳酸单丝降解性能  

Degradation properties of fishery polylactic acid monofilament modified by nano-montmorillonite

作　　者：闵明华[1] 李雄 黄洪亮[1] 张勋[1] 张禹[1] 刘永利[1] 余雯雯[1] 王鲁民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2017年第6期690-695,共6页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31672699);现代农业产业技术体系专项经费(CARS-47);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD13B02,2013BAD13B03);国家海洋经济创新发展区域示范专项资助(GD2013-D01-001)

摘　　要：为研究纳米蒙脱土(nano-MMT)改性聚乳酸(PLA)单丝在海水环境中的降解特性,试验测试了纯PLA单丝、0.5wt%、1.0wt%nano-MMT/PLA单丝在浙江舟山海域海水中15个月的降解特性。结果显示,纳米蒙脱土改性聚乳酸单丝在海水环境中自然降解9个月时间内,其力学性能和数均分子量下降较为缓慢;当降解时间超过9个月后,改性聚乳酸单丝的断裂强度和数均分子量呈加速下降趋势。表明改性聚乳酸单丝在海水中降解9个月后进入加速降解阶段,推断改性聚乳酸单丝在海水环境中的最佳使用寿命为9个月。加入nano-MMT后,改性聚乳酸单丝力学性能和数均分子量下降较纯聚乳酸单丝要快。在海水中降解15个月后,加入0.5wt%nano-MMT的改性聚乳酸单丝断裂强度和数均分子量分别下降了25.0%和50.0%,而纯的聚乳酸单丝则仅下降了20.4%和30.6%。由于nano-MMT的加入,会使PLA与nano-MMT的界面结合产生缺陷,nano-MMT与聚乳酸大分子链之间的界面结合缺陷会成为水分子进入聚乳酸大分子内部的通道,从而加速改性PLA单丝在海水环境中的降解。同时nano-MMT的加入会加快改性PLA单丝耐磨性的下降趋势,纯PLA单丝在海水中降解15个月后,耐磨度由2.20 F/tex下降为1.32 F/tex,耐磨度下降40%;而0.5wt%nanoMMT/PLA的耐磨度由2.34 F/tex下降为0.70 F/tex,耐磨度下降70.1%。Degradation properties of fishery polylactic acid monofilament modified by nano-montmorillonite （nano-MMT/PLA） were studied in the seawater near the Zhoushan sea area. The breaking strength of the PLA monofilament was 2.4 cN/dtex, and the breaking strength of the 0.5wt% nano-MMT/PLA and 1.0wt% nano-MMT/PLA monofilament were 3.2 cN/dtex and 2.5 cN/dtex, respectively. It was shown that when the amount of the additional nano-MMT was fixed at 0.5%, the nano-MMT/PLA monofilament had the best strength. In the first 6 months of the degradation process, the mechanical properties of the PLA and nano-MMT/ PLA monofilaments remained stable. When the degradation increased to 9 months, the mechanical properties and number-average molecular weight of nano-MMT/PLA fishery monofilament decreased slowly. The breaking strength of the PLA monofilament was 2.15 cN/dtex, and the breaking strength of the 0.5wt% nano- MMT/PLA and 1. Owt% nano-MMT/PLA monofilament were 3.0 cN/dtex and 2.25 cN/dtex, respectively. The breaking strength loss rate of pure PLA monofilament was 10.4%, and the breaking strength loss rate of 0. 5wt% nano-MMT/PLA and 1. Owt% nano-MMT/PLA monofilament were 6.3% and 10.0%, respectively. However, when the degradation time was more than 9 months, the mechanical properties of nano-MMT/PLA fishery monofilament decreased rapidly. When the degradation time increased to 15 months, the breaking strength loss rate of pure PLA monofilament was 20.4%, and the breaking strength loss rate of 0.5wt% nano- MMT/PLA and 1. 0wt% nano-MMT/PLA monofilament were 25. 0% and 36. 8%, respectively. This indicated that the addition of nano-MMT would increase the degradation of the PLA. To summarize, it was shown that after 9 months, the degradation of nano-MMT/PLA fishery monofilament was in an accelerated process, and it was concluded that the optimum lifetime of modified PLA monofilament in seawater environment was 9 months. Furthermore, after 15 months of degradation, the number-average molecular weight of pure PLA monofilament decr

关 键 词：渔用单丝 降解性能 聚乳酸 纳米蒙脱土 改性 

分 类 号：S971.1[农业科学—捕捞与储运]