紫茎泽兰入侵对不同植物群落类型中昆虫多样性的影响  

Effect of Ageratina adenophora Invasion on Insect Diversity in Subtropical Mountains in SW China

作　　者：蒋智林[1,2] 邓丹丹 刘万学[3] 万方浩[3] 李正跃[2] 

机构地区：[1]普洱学院,云南普洱665000 [2]云南农业大学农业生物多样性与病虫害控制教育部重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [3]植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室//中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2017年第12期2008-2015,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360456;31060252);云南省中青年学术带头人后备人才项目(2014HB027);中国科学院"西部之光青年学者"项目(科发人函字[2016]84号);科技部重大专项"受威胁区域生物多样性恢复及示范"(2017YFC0505206);云南省自然基金项目(2011FB050);普洱学院生物安全与生物产业创新团队项目

摘　　要：紫茎泽兰Ageratina adenophora入侵对不同植物群落中昆虫群落的影响,以及不同植物群落抵御紫茎泽兰入侵的生态机制尚不清楚。本研究选取紫茎泽兰不同入侵程度和未入侵不同功能型植物群落样地,采用巴氏罐诱法、扫网法结合黄板法对各样地地表昆虫进行调查分析。在各样地共采集到昆虫标本12 099个,隶属于11目64科168种。其中,优势类群为膜翅目、同翅目、双翅目、缨翅目昆虫,占总种数的94.86%。随紫茎泽兰的入侵,群落中直翅目、缨翅目、同翅目、双翅目、鞘翅目、鳞翅目昆虫在群落中所占的比例呈先降低再升高的趋势,而膜翅目、半翅目昆虫在群落中所占比例呈先升高再降低趋势。紫茎泽兰群落中的同翅目、半翅目昆虫所占比例较不同功能型本地植物群落低,而膜翅目昆虫所占比例较其他群落高。随紫茎泽兰入侵程度的加重,昆虫多样性指数D、H、E均呈先降低后升高的趋势;昆虫优势度指数C则呈先升高再降低的趋势。多年生禾本科植物群落的昆虫各多样性指数均大于紫茎泽兰群落,与紫茎泽兰群落间的差异最小,且有较高的相似性(0.602),可能是对紫茎泽兰的入侵具有较强抵御作用的指示因子之一。To assess the effects of Ageratina adenophora invasion on insect community and understand the ecological mechanisms of local plant communities resist invasive plants, we adopted trap method, sweeping method and yellow plate method to investigate insect diversity in A. adenophora invaded and non-invaded plant communities. Totally, there were 12099 individuals of insect represent 168 species were collected from different plant communities, that belonging to 11 orders and 64 families. Our results indicated that the dominant insect （94.86% of the total） were Hymenoptera, Homoptera, Diptera, Thysanoptera. With the invasion of A. adenophora, the diversity of Orthoptera, Thysanoptera, Homoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera and Lepidoptera was decreased firstly and increased subsequently, whereas that of Hymenoptera and Hemiptera was increased firstly and decreased subsequently. The insect community diversity index of D, H and E were decreased firstly and increased subsequently. In contrast, the dominance index C was increased firstly and decreased subsequently. Our results suggest that the perennial Gramineae plants community have higher insect diversity than A. adenophora communitis. There may be some insects that eat or inhibit the growth of A. adenophora can be stronger to resist the invasion of A. adenophora in perennial gramineous plants community.

关 键 词：紫茎泽兰 昆虫多样性 多样性指数 昆虫群落组成 不同植物群落 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]