特有珍稀植物血皮槭种子的生物学特征和贮藏特性研究  

The Study on the Seed Biology and Seed Storage Characteristics of Acer griseum,an Endemic and Rare Plant in China

作　　者：郭幸飞 乔琦[1] 李婷 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院/牡丹学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《种子》2017年第12期20-24,共5页Seed

基　　金：河南科技大学博士科研基金项目(09001495);河南科技大学学科提升振兴A计划项目(13660001)

摘　　要：血皮槭(Acer griseum)系中国特有的珍稀观赏植物,由于天然种群更新困难,被认定为国家二级树种,亟待建立种子库保存其种质资源。以位于河南省伏牛山区系的天池山、白云山和白马谭等地的血皮槭种子为研究材料,研究不同条件下的贮藏特性和生活力的动态变化。结果表明:野生血皮槭种群的结实率较低,自然条件下常需1至2年的时间才能打破休眠,期间存在大量的腐烂和各种损失。其翅果空壳率平均高达58%,具有种仁的种子生活力平均低于29%,同时由于具有机械障碍和生理休眠,模拟野外条件下萌发率低至0.6%,因此种子的抢救性采集和贮藏是保存其种质资源的最佳途径。血皮槭作为常规性种子,低温4℃下湿沙贮藏(含水量10%~15%)是有效的贮藏方法。Acer griseum, a rare ornamental plant, is endemic to China as a secondary key species because of its difficult natural regeneration.It is necessary to set up its seed bank to keep its germ- plasm resources.Different populations flora of Acer griseum seed in Tianchi mountain,Baiyun moun- tain and Baimatan which locate in the centre of Fu^niu mountains were studied in this paper,the stor- age method and dynamic viability of seeds under different treatments were focused on.Results showed that it always takes the untreated seeds one to two years period to finish the germination process in the natural habitats ,while the seeds might be rot or lost in this long period.The natural germination rate is lower than 0.6~ because of the deep physiological domancy and mechnical obstacle.The aver- age empty grain rate is up to 58% ,and the viability rate of the seeds which have the normal embryo is lower than 29 %.Therefore,the collection and storage of seeds are the best way to preserve their germ- plasm resources. As a result,keeping seeds in sands （MC 10%-15%） and under low temperature （4℃）were the optimal storage conditions as a normal type.

关 键 词：珍稀植物 血皮槭 种子 生物学特征 贮藏特性 

分 类 号：S792.35[农业科学—林木遗传育种]