沙生植物沙米的油中甘油三酯的结构分析与特点  

Analysis of Triglycerides in the Seed of Psammophyte Agriophyllum Squarrosum

作　　者：蒙昊聪[1] 许海燕[1] 刘宏义 王树国 张金玉 许林 马超美[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010020 [2]阿左旗林业工作站,阿拉善盟750300 [3]内蒙古阿拉善苁蓉集团有限公司,阿拉善盟750306

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2017年第12期87-93,共7页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：内蒙古农牧业厅2016年自治区农牧业产业化项目(20160101)

摘　　要：沙蓬(Agriophyllum squarrosum)为沙生植物,被誉为固沙先锋,其种子-沙米是当地人的传统杂粮。沙米富含油脂,而其甘油三酯的结构和比例及其测定方法却鲜见报道。本研究用液-质联用法对沙米甘油三酯进行定性和定量并与常用粮食和油料作比较。测定采用C18-超高效液相色谱柱、乙腈-异丙醇洗脱、大气压化学电离质谱检测;由甘油三酯的分子质量和子离子定性,根据峰面积定量。结果显示,沙米甘油三酯集中于壳部,主要为不饱和脂肪酸的甘油三酯,其中1,2-二亚油酸3-油酸甘油三酯质量分数最高(30.3%),其次为三亚油酸甘油三酯(18.7%)及1,2-二油酸3-亚油酸甘油三酯(17.8%),总含量达芝麻和葵花籽的1/4以上。因此,积极推广种植沙蓬可以在防治土地沙化的同时收获粮食和优质油原料。Agriophyllum squarrosum is a sand fixing plant that is important for the maintenance of good ecological environment. Its seed is the traditional coarse cereal for the local people and rich in oil. However, the structure and proportion of the triglycerides and the determination method have not been reported. This paper reported an ultra - high performance liquid chromatography （UHPLC） - mass method to determine the structure and content of the triglyeerides in the seed of A. squarrosum and to compare it with other oleaginous crops. The method used a C18 - UHPLC column, eluted with acetonitrile - isopropanol, and detected with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization ion source. The triglycerides were identified by interpretation of the molecular and fragmental ions in the mass spectra; the relative contents were obtained from the peak areas in the chromatograms. The triglycerides were concentrated in seed coat and mainly composed of unsaturated fatty acids. 1,2 - dilinoleoyl - 3 - oleoyl - glycerol was in the highest level （30.3%）, followed by trilinoleoyl - glycerol （ 18.7% ） and 1,2 - dioleoyl - 3 - linoleoyl - glycerol （ 17.8% ）. The triglyceride content in A. squarrosum seed coat was more than 1/4 of those in sesame seed and sunflower seed. Thus, A. squarrosum can be used not only as a grain crop, but also as an oleaginous crop.

关 键 词：沙米 沙蓬 甘油三酯 脂肪酸 超高效液相-大气压化学电离质谱 

分 类 号：TS229[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]